meisosus

Question 1

how do we get the traits we do from our parents?

Answer 1

traits: variation of a character:
we get the coded infromation for these traits on hereditary units called genes

Question 2

what is a gene

Answer 2

a gene is a segment of the chromosome that directs the synthesis of a functional product
the position of a gene along a chromosome is called its locus

Question 3

genes are transmitted to offspring in animal and plants by?

Answer 3

sexual reproduction

Question 4

the offspring is a __ of genes inherited from both parents

Answer 4

mixture

Question 5

asexual reproduction

Answer 5

identical replica of parent. prokaryotes, single celled eukaryotes, and some multicellular organisms such as hydra

Question 6

in human somatic cells, nonsex cells, there are 46 chromosomes: 2 sets of chromosomes

Question 7

human somatic cells are

Answer 7

diploid

Question 8

whats a homologous chromosme

Answer 8

pair of chromosomes that are similar in size ad shape: one comes form mom and one comes form dad

Question 9

of tjhe 46 chromosomes, there are 22 pairs of

Answer 9

non sex chromosomes called autosomes

Question 10

the remaining two chromosomes are?

Answer 10

sex chromosomes: x and y

Question 11

if you are a femalr you have

Answer 11

44 autosomes and 2 x chromosome and male is same but one y

Question 12

somatic cells undergo the cell cycle which incudes

Answer 12

mitosis and cytokinesis

Question 13

2n=

Answer 13

46

Question 14

human somatic cells contian

Answer 14

46 chromosomes

Question 15

the sex cells or gametes only contain

Answer 15

23 chromosomes: 1 complete set

Question 16

a cell that has one copy of each chromosome is called

Answer 16

haploid

Question 17

human life cycle begins when

Answer 17

sperm fuses with egg: fertilization occurs, producing a zygote.

Question 18

zygote is haploid or diploid

Answer 18

haploid contains 2 sets

Question 19

all somatic cells in the human are derived by

Answer 19

mitotic division of the zygote

Question 20

an exception to this is by gmetes: which arise from

Answer 20

meiosis

Question 21

meiosis occurs in the?

Answer 21

gonads:
ovaries in females and testes in malkes

Question 22

meisosis consists of 2 cell divisions

Answer 22

meiosis i and meiosis ii

Question 23

before undergoing meisosis, cells replicate chromosomes which occurs in s phase of the cell cycle

Question 24

prior to meiosis

Answer 24

all 46 chromosomes are replicated

Question 25

meiosis produces

Answer 25

sex cells

Question 26

prophase i

Answer 26

homologous chromosomes come together, this process is called synapsis which leads to the formation of tetrads

Question 27

there is crossing over then physical exchange od dna between nonsister chromatids

Question 28

what is the chiasmata

Answer 28

the regions where crossing over has occured leadif to formation of recombinant chromosomes

Question 29

each nonsister chromatid will have a miixture of genes from both parents

Question 30

so prophase i

Answer 30

synapsis when homologous chromosomes come togehte,r then crossing over, called chiasmata, then recombinant chromosomes which containmixtue of genes from both

Question 31

the tetrads mpove to the metaphase plate , movement is radnodm

Question 32

the random aligment of maternal and paternal chromatids is called independent assortment

Question 33

anaphase i

Answer 33

homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends

Question 34

telophase

Answer 34

the homogues are at opposite ends cell divides by cytokinesis

Question 35

at the end of meiosis i, two cells are formed, are the cells diploid or haploid

Answer 35

haploid, one copy of each chromosome, the sister chromatids are still together which ocint as one

Question 36

meisosis ii starts with

Answer 36

2 haploid: there are 23 chromsomes per daughter cell, random distribution of genetic material due to independent assortment