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mekanik fy4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of force?

A

A force is an interaction that causes an object to change its velocity, direction, or shape.

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2
Q

What is the formula for calculating force?

A

Force (F) is calculated using the formula F = m * a, where m is mass and a is acceleration.

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3
Q

True or False: An object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an external force.

A

True

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4
Q

What is uniform linear motion?

A

Uniform linear motion refers to movement at a constant speed in a straight line.

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5
Q

What does relative motion refer to?

A

Relative motion refers to the calculation of the motion of an object with regard to another object.

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6
Q

What are vectors?

A

Vectors are quantities that have both magnitude and direction.

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7
Q

What is the difference between scalar and vector quantities?

A

Scalar quantities have only magnitude, while vector quantities have both magnitude and direction.

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8
Q

Fill in the blank: The unit of force in the International System of Units (SI) is _______.

A

Newton

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9
Q

What is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth?

A

The acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately 9.81 m/s².

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10
Q

What does uniform acceleration mean?

A

Uniform acceleration means the rate of change of velocity is constant over time.

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11
Q

What is the formula for calculating acceleration?

A

Acceleration (a) is calculated using the formula a = (v_f - v_i) / t, where v_f is final velocity, v_i is initial velocity, and t is time.

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12
Q

True or False: An object can have a velocity but not an acceleration.

A

True

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13
Q

What is the formula for distance traveled under constant acceleration?

A

Distance (d) is calculated using the formula d = v_i * t + 0.5 * a * t².

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14
Q

What is the term for the overall change in position of an object?

A

Displacement

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15
Q

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

A

Speed is a scalar quantity representing how fast an object moves, while velocity is a vector quantity that includes direction.

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The slope of a velocity-time graph represents _______.

A

Acceleration

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17
Q

What is the principle of superposition in relative motion?

A

The principle of superposition states that the total motion of an object is the vector sum of its individual motions.

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18
Q

What is the formula for calculating momentum?

A

Momentum (p) is calculated using the formula p = m * v, where m is mass and v is velocity.

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19
Q

True or False: An object at rest has zero momentum.

A

True

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20
Q

What is the significance of the area under a velocity-time graph?

A

The area under a velocity-time graph represents the distance traveled.

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21
Q

What is a free body diagram?

A

A free body diagram is a graphical representation used to visualize the forces acting on an object.

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22
Q

What does the term ‘net force’ refer to?

A

Net force refers to the total force acting on an object after all the individual forces are combined.

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23
Q

What is the effect of balanced forces on an object?

A

Balanced forces do not change the motion of an object; it remains at rest or in uniform motion.

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24
Q

Fill in the blank: In a vacuum, all objects fall at the same rate due to _______.

A

Gravity

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25
What is the formula for gravitational force between two masses?
The gravitational force (F) is calculated using F = G * (m1 * m2) / r², where G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses, and r is the distance between their centers.
26
What is the term for the resistance an object encounters when moving through a fluid?
Drag
27
What is inertia?
Inertia is the property of an object to resist changes in its state of motion.
28
What does the law of conservation of momentum state?
The law of conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of a closed system remains constant if no external forces act on it.
29
Fill in the blank: The maximum height reached by a projectile is called _______.
Apex
30
What is the formula for the range of a projectile?
The range (R) of a projectile is calculated using R = (v_i² * sin(2θ)) / g, where v_i is initial velocity, θ is launch angle, and g is acceleration due to gravity.
31
What is the role of friction in motion?
Friction opposes the relative motion between two surfaces in contact.
32
What does it mean when an object is in equilibrium?
An object is in equilibrium when the net force acting on it is zero, resulting in no acceleration.
33
What is the unit of acceleration in the SI system?
Meters per second squared (m/s²)
34
True or False: A vector can be represented graphically by an arrow.
True
35
What is the formula to convert from kilometers per hour to meters per second?
To convert from km/h to m/s, divide the speed by 3.6.
36
What does a negative acceleration indicate?
Negative acceleration indicates a decrease in velocity, also known as deceleration.
37
What is the significance of the initial velocity in motion equations?
Initial velocity is the starting speed of an object before any forces are applied.
38
Fill in the blank: The principle that states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction is known as _______.
Newton's Third Law of Motion
39
What does the term 'centripetal force' refer to?
Centripetal force is the force required to keep an object moving in a circular path.
40
What is the formula for centripetal acceleration?
Centripetal acceleration (a_c) is calculated using the formula a_c = v² / r, where v is tangential velocity and r is the radius of the circular path.
41
What is the difference between instantaneous and average velocity?
Instantaneous velocity is the velocity of an object at a specific moment, while average velocity is the total displacement divided by the total time taken.
42
True or False: Kinetic energy depends on the mass and speed of an object.
True
43
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy (KE) is calculated using the formula KE = 0.5 * m * v², where m is mass and v is velocity.
44
What is the formula for potential energy?
Potential energy (PE) is calculated using the formula PE = m * g * h, where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.
45
Fill in the blank: The energy of motion is called _______.
Kinetic energy
46
What is the principle of conservation of energy?
The principle of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
47
What does 'net work' refer to in physics?
Net work refers to the total work done on an object by all forces acting on it.
48
What is the formula for work done?
Work (W) is calculated using the formula W = F * d * cos(θ), where F is force, d is distance, and θ is the angle between the force and the direction of motion.
49
True or False: Work is a scalar quantity.
True
50
What is the relationship between work and energy?
Work done on an object results in a change in its energy.
51
What is the significance of the coefficient of friction?
The coefficient of friction quantifies the amount of frictional force between two surfaces in contact.
52
53
What is the direction of acceleration in relation to the net force acting on an object?
Acceleration is in the same direction as the net force.
54
True or False: The magnitude of acceleration is directly proportional to the mass of an object.
False
55
Fill in the blank: According to Newton's second law, Force equals mass times __________.
acceleration
56
What are the three types of forces commonly studied in physics?
Contact forces, gravitational forces, and frictional forces.
57
What is the purpose of a free body diagram?
To visualize all the forces acting on an object.
58
What is the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI)?
Newton (N)
59
True or False: The net force acting on an object at rest is zero.
True
60
What does Newton's first law of motion state?
An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by a net external force.
61
What is the formula for calculating weight?
Weight = mass × gravitational acceleration (W = mg)
62
What is the effect of balanced forces on an object?
Balanced forces result in no change in the object's motion.
63
Fill in the blank: A __________ force acts at a distance without direct contact.
non-contact
64
What is the definition of friction?
Friction is the force that opposes the relative motion of two surfaces in contact.
65
What does Newton's third law of motion state?
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
66
True or False: An object moving in a circular path experiences centripetal acceleration.
True
67
What are inclined forces?
Forces acting at an angle to the horizontal or vertical.
68
What is the resultant force?
The vector sum of all forces acting on an object.
69
Fill in the blank: The force due to gravity acting on an object is also known as __________.
weight
70
What is the principle of superposition in forces?
The net force acting on an object is the sum of all individual forces acting on it.
71
How do you calculate the net force when multiple forces are acting in different directions?
By vector addition of all forces.
72
What does it mean for a force to be unbalanced?
An unbalanced force results in a change in the object's motion.
73
True or False: The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to its mass.
True
74
What is the normal force?
The support force exerted by a surface perpendicular to the object resting on it.
75
What is the formula for calculating acceleration?
Acceleration = net force / mass (a = F/m)
76
What are the characteristics of a scalar quantity?
A scalar quantity has magnitude only and no direction.
77
What is a vector quantity?
A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction.
78
Fill in the blank: The force that opposes the motion of an object through a fluid is called __________.
drag
79
What is the significance of the coefficient of friction?
It represents the ratio of the force of friction between two bodies and the force pressing them together.
80
True or False: An object can experience acceleration while moving at a constant speed.
True
81
What is the gravitational force between two objects dependent on?
The mass of the objects and the distance between them.
82
What does it mean for an object to be in equilibrium?
The net force acting on it is zero.
83
What is centripetal force?
The force that keeps an object moving in a circular path directed toward the center of the circle.
84
85
What is friction?
Friction is the resistance to motion of one object moving relative to another.
86
True or False: Friction always acts in the direction of motion.
False
87
What are the two main types of friction?
Static friction and kinetic friction.
88
Fill in the blank: The force of friction depends on the _____ and the nature of the surfaces in contact.
normal force
89
What is static friction?
Static friction is the force that keeps an object at rest and prevents it from starting to move.
90
Multiple Choice: Which type of friction is usually greater? A) Static friction B) Kinetic friction
A) Static friction
91
What is kinetic friction?
Kinetic friction is the force that opposes the motion of two surfaces sliding past each other.
92
True or False: The coefficient of friction is a dimensionless scalar value.
True
93
What does the coefficient of friction represent?
The coefficient of friction represents the ratio of the force of friction between two bodies and the force pressing them together.
94
Fill in the blank: The coefficient of static friction is usually _____ than the coefficient of kinetic friction.
greater
95
What factors can affect the amount of friction?
Surface texture, material properties, and the normal force.
96
Multiple Choice: Which surface is likely to have the highest friction? A) Ice B) Sandpaper C) Glass
B) Sandpaper
97
What is the role of lubrication in friction?
Lubrication reduces friction by creating a barrier between surfaces to minimize direct contact.
98
True or False: Friction can be beneficial in many applications.
True
99
What is the formula for calculating frictional force?
Frictional force = coefficient of friction × normal force.
100
Fill in the blank: The unit of measurement for frictional force is _____ in the SI system.
Newtons
101
What is rolling friction?
Rolling friction is the resistance encountered when an object rolls over a surface.
102
Multiple Choice: Which type of friction is generally the least? A) Static B) Kinetic C) Rolling
C) Rolling
103
What is the effect of surface area on friction?
Surface area does not significantly affect friction; it's more about the nature of the surfaces and the normal force.
104
True or False: Increasing the weight of an object increases the frictional force.
True
105
What is air resistance?
Air resistance is a type of friction that acts on objects as they move through the air.
106
Fill in the blank: Friction can cause _____, which is the generation of heat.
thermal energy
107
What is the difference between dry and fluid friction?
Dry friction occurs between solid surfaces, while fluid friction occurs between a solid and a liquid or gas.
108
Multiple Choice: Which type of friction is present when a car is skidding? A) Static B) Kinetic C) Rolling
B) Kinetic
109
What is the primary purpose of friction in everyday life?
Friction allows us to walk, drive, and hold objects without slipping.
110
True or False: Friction can be completely eliminated in mechanical systems.
False
111
What is the relationship between friction and wear?
Friction can cause wear and tear on surfaces, leading to degradation over time.
112
Fill in the blank: The study of friction is important in _____ engineering.
mechanical
113
What is the impact of temperature on friction?
Temperature changes can alter the properties of materials, thereby affecting the coefficient of friction.
114
Multiple Choice: Which material typically has the lowest coefficient of friction? A) Rubber B) Teflon C) Wood
B) Teflon
115
What is the significance of the angle of inclination on friction?
The angle affects the normal force and, consequently, the frictional force acting on an object.

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