Memory Flashcards
(28 cards)
what are the components of MSM?
sensory register, STM, LTM
how does information transfer from sensory register to STM?
attention- if person’s attention is focused on one of the sensory stores it goes to STM
what is the sensory register?
place where information is held at each of the senses and corresponding parts of brain
what size is the sensory register’s capacity?
large- info constantly being received however does not receive much attention and only held milliseconds
how is information transferred from STM to LTM?
maintenance rehearsal
what is maintenance rehearsal?
the more information is rehearsed, the more its remembered,, repetition keeps info in STM but eventually repetition will cause info to transfer
what is short-term memory used for?
what did Baddeley and Hitch develop in 1974?
Working Memory Model (WMM)
how is STM encoded?
acoustically
how is LTM encoded?
semantically
what is the duration of STM?
what is the duration of the LTM?
what are the stages of the cognitive interview?
Reinstate context
Order (change)
Perspective(change)
Everything (report everything)
what is reinstating context in the cognitive interview?
-witness mentally reinstates environmental and personal context of incident e.g. sight,hearing, weather
-interviewer asking questions triggers cues so witness can recall as much info as possible
what does changing the order of the event do in the cognitive interview?
reduces possibility that recall can be influenced by schema or expectations
what does changing the perspective of the event do in the cognitive interview?
reduces influence of schemas
why is the witness told to recall everything from the event?
even if info seems irrelevant it can trigger other important memories
what are the three types of LTM
semantic, procedural, episodic
what is semantic LTM?
-memory for facts e.g. information on the world, meaning of words, general knowledge
what is episodic LTM?
-to do with personal experiences
-time stamped (memory if when the event happened)
-context of events remembered e.g. people, objects
what is procedural LTM?
-skills
-remembering how to do something
-do not require conscious recall to perform them
-implicit type of memory
how are procedural memories acquired?
repetition+practice
why is it important procedural memories are automatic?
so we can focus our attention on other tasks while preforming these everyday skills
how do episodic memories become semantic memories?
they lose their association with particular events
