memory

Question 1

process by which we recollect prior experience, information, and skill learning in the past

Answer 1

memory

Question 2

prior experiences, memory of a specific event

Answer 2

episodic memory

Question 3

a clear memory of an emotionally significant event

Answer 3

flashbulb memory

Question 4

general information and knowledge that can be recalled

Answer 4

semantic memory

Question 5

memory that consists of the skills and procedures one has learned

Answer 5

procedural memory

Question 6

transition of information into a form that is stored in memory

Answer 6

encoding

Question 7

processing many pieces at a time simultaneously

Answer 7

parallel processing

Question 8

unconsciously encoding incidental information, space, time, frequency, and well learned info

Answer 8

automatic processing

Question 9

shapes, looks, surface structure

Answer 9

shallow processing

Question 10

using semantics

Answer 10

deep processing

Question 11

encoding something based on how it relates to you

Answer 11

self referent processing

Question 12

requires attention and conscious effort

Answer 12

effortful processing

Question 13

maintenance of encoded information over time

Answer 13

storage

Question 14

repeating

Answer 14

maintenance rehearsal

Question 15

relating new information to old information

Answer 15

elaborative rehearsal

Question 16

memories become stored and arranged in your mind for future use

Answer 16

organizational systems

Question 17

distributed study or practice yields better long term retention than massed study or practice

Answer 17

spacing effect

Question 18

additional rehearsal of information after learning material that increases retention

Answer 18

overlearning

Question 19

the process of remembering, or bringing to the front of consciousness, information from memory storage

Answer 19

retrieval

Question 20

retrieve info from memory without help

Answer 20

recall

Question 21

recognize from a list of alternatives

Answer 21

recognition

Question 22

person in a group has diminished recall for the words of others who spoke immediately before or after them

Answer 22

next in line effect

Question 23

information at the beginning is remembered better than material in the middle

Answer 23

primary effect

Question 24

information at the end is remembered better than material in the middle

Answer 24

recency effect

Question 25

Herman Ebbinghaus found

Answer 25

serial position effects: primary and recency effect

Question 26

info is more easily retrieved in the context in which it was encoded and stored

Answer 26

context dependent memory

Question 27

memory where info is more easily retrieved when in the same physiological or emotional state as when the memory was originally learned

Answer 27

state dependent memory

Question 28

context dependent memory is..

Answer 28

internal

Question 29

state dependent memory is..

Answer 29

external

Question 30

immediate, initial recording of sensory information; lasts .5 to 2 seconds

Answer 30

1. sensory memory

Question 31

impression made on our senses that lasts for only a fraction of a second

Answer 31

memory trace

Question 32

part of sensory memory that holds visual memory

Answer 32

iconic memory

Question 33

momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli

Answer 33

echoic memory

Question 34

memory that holds info briefly before its stored or forgotten; last about 18 seconds

Answer 34

2. short term memory

Question 35

Millers Law

Answer 35

2 seconds of sound, 6 letter, 5 words

Question 36

organizing of items into familiar or manageable units

Answer 36

chunking

Question 37

process that occurs when new info appears in short term memory and replaces what was already there

Answer 37

interference

Question 38

type of memory capable of large and relatively permanent storage

Answer 38

3. long term memory

Question 39

there is _________ to how much can be stored in our long term memory

Answer 39

no limit

Question 40

gradual decay, displacement, and interference

Answer 40

forgetting

Question 41

most forgetting takes place during the first ____ hours after learning

Answer 41

nine

Question 42

difference between the number of repetitions needed to learn a list of items and the number to relearn

Answer 42

method of savings

Question 43

curve of forgetting, memory lasts in long term memory for a long time

Answer 43

Ebbinghaus results

Question 44

gradual erosion of a memory

Answer 44

decay

Question 45

limited memory capacity pushes out old information

Answer 45

displacement

Question 46

when Older info interferes with recall of new info

Answer 46

Proactive interference

Question 47

when learning New info interferes with recall of old info

Answer 47

Retroactive interference

Question 48

conscious attempt to forget info

Answer 48

suppression

Question 49

unconscious attempt to forget info

Answer 49

repression

Question 50

exposed to misleading information, we misremember

Answer 50

misinformation effect

Question 51

misattributing source of event, deja vu

Answer 51

source amnesia

Question 52

the loss of memory of events prior to an injury, many regain memories back

Answer 52

retrograde amnesia

Question 53

loss of memory of events occurring after the injury, result of damage to hippocampus

Answer 53

anterograde amnesia

Question 54

believe their minds are like video cameras and record everything they experience in life

Answer 54

eyewitness identification

Question 55

something that helps people remember something

Answer 55

mnemonics

Question 56

associates well known locations with info to be

Answer 56

method of loci

Question 57

relate new information to current knowledge

Answer 57

create an outline

Question 58

practice is broken into shorter sessions over a longer period of time

Answer 58

distributed practice

Question 59

preview, question, read, reflect, and review

Answer 59

PQ4R method

Question 60

create an outline and review your notes as soon as possible after a lecture

Answer 60

lecture notes