memory

Question 1

Active processing -

Answer 1

Is where the person transforms or manipulates the material that is to be remembered

Question 2

Anxiety-

Answer 2

State of emotional arousal where there is a feeling or experience of apprehension and uncertainty

Question 3

Articulatory process -

Answer 3

Part of the phonological loop that repeats sounds or words to keep them in working memory until they are needed

Question 4

Capacity -

Answer 4

The amount of information that can be held in memory

Question 5

Central executive -

Answer 5

Part of working memory that coordinates other components

Question 6

Chunking -

Answer 6

Method of increasing short-term memory by grouping information into larger units

Question 7

Coding -

Answer 7

Changing the format of information for use in memory

Question 8

Cognitive interview -

Answer 8

Interview technique devised to improve the accuracy of witness recall

Question 9

Context-dependent failure -

Answer 9

Forgetting which occurs because the external cues at recall are different to those at the time of learning

Question 10

Cue-dependent forgetting -

Answer 10

Failure to recall information due to an absence of cuesor ‘tiggers’

Question 11

Episodic buffer -

Answer 11

Part of working memory which is a temporary store integrating information from the other components

Question 12

Episodic memory -

Answer 12

Type of long-term memory for information about specific experiences and events in our lives

Question 13

Eyewitness testimony -

Answer 13

An account given by people of an event they have witnessed

Question 14

Inner scribe -

Answer 14

Stores information about the physical relationship of items (part of the visuo-spatial sketchpad)

Question 15

Interference theory -

Answer 15

Memory can be disrupted not only by previous learning but also by what is learned in the future

Question 16

Leading question -

Answer 16

Question phrased in such a way that it prompts a particular kind of answer

Question 17

Multi-store model -

Answer 17

Explanation of memory that sees information flowing through a series of storage systems

Question 18

Phonological loop -

Answer 18

Part of working memory that deals with auditory information

Question 19

Post-event discussion -

Answer 19

A potential source of misleading information where witnesses discuss what they saw afterwards

Question 20

Primary acoustic store -

Answer 20

Part of the phonological loop which stores words heard

Question 21

Proactive interference -

Answer 21

A cause of forgetting by which previously stored information prevents learning and remembering new information

Question 22

Procedural memory -

Answer 22

Long-term memory for “knowing how”

Question 23

Repression -

Answer 23

Unpleasant material is pushed into the unconscious mind

Question 24

Retrieval -

Answer 24

The recall of stored memories

Question 25

Retrieval failure -

Answer 25

Difficulties in recall that are due to the absence of the correct retrieval cues

Question 26

Retroactive interference -

Answer 26

Occurs when newly learned information interferes with and impedes the recall of previously learned information

Question 27

Schema -

Answer 27

A cognitive framework or concept that helps organize and interpret information

Question 28

Sensory register -

Answer 28

Store of sensory information that lasts no more than a few seconds

Question 29

Short-term memory -

Answer 29

Temporary memory store that holds limited amount of information for a short period of time

Question 30

State-dependent failure -

Answer 30

Forgetting which occurs because the emotional or physical state at recall is different to that at the time of learning

Question 31

Visual cache -

Answer 31

Part of the visuo-spatial sketchpad that stores information about form and colour

Question 32

Working memory model -

Answer 32

limited capacity stores

Question 33

Duration -

Answer 33

The length of time information remains in memory

Question 34

Forgetting -

Answer 34

Failure to retrieve memories

Question 35

Long-term memory -

Answer 35

Permanent store holding unlimited amounts of information for long periods

Question 36

Misleading information -

Answer 36

Incorrect information given the an eyewitness after an event

Question 37

Mnemonics -

Answer 37

Techniques used to improve memory

Question 38

Semantic memory -

Answer 38

Type of long-term memory for information about the world that is not linked to particular contexts or events

Question 39

Visuo-spatial sketchpad -

Answer 39

Part of working memory that deals with visual information