Memory Flashcards by Talise Strach

Images “lingering” in sensory memory for a very brief amount of time.

Iconic memory

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What kind of memory is hearing?

Echoic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sensory Memory is located primarily in which part of the brain?

pre-frontal cortex

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What mainly causes a memory to stick

rehearsal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

____ is a mental device that helps you associate pieces of information

mnemonics

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

3 stages of memory

encoding, storage, retrieval

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

encoding is ____

translating information into neural codes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

encoding failure occurs when ____

you are distracted/multitasking

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

chunking

tie a bunch of objects together to form one whole object, technically store more in short term this way.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

maintenance rehearsal - shallow processing

repeat repeat repeat

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

elaborative rehearsal - deep processing

repeat repeat but making connections and meanings at the same time

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

which 2 ways is memory studied?

physiologically and cognitively

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Who “founded” iconic memory

Sperling (1960)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is the “golden number” for how many pieces of information can be stored in short term memory?

(although 5-9 is accurate as well)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which method has better recall ability? Whole Report or Partial Report?

Partial Report. (it allows people to report back in chunks which is easier)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A time frame of 1 second ____ capacity of memory and is known as the ____ _____?

HALVES. Decay Effect (sperling)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

There is a vast amount of information stored in

Short-Term/Working Memory

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the most effective way to remember information?

Rehearsal/Repetition

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

encoding

Short-term memory input

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is a schema?

A way to organize information

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Memory illusion

False memory, but appears very “true” to our mind

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Reconstructive vs reproductive of our memory?

Memory is more reconstructive than reproductive

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

context-dependant study

Do the exam where you study for it, fellas. Real psychological tip.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

which part of brain involves memory?

Hippocampus and amyglada

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

retroactive interference

new memory influences old ones

What are the 4 types of encoding methods?

Motor Encoding, Visual Encoding, Semantic Encoding, Phonological Encoding

chunking

tie a bunch of objects together to form a one whole project, technically store more in short term this way.

maintenance rehearsal

repeat repeat repeat

elaborative rehearsal

repeat repeat but making connections and meanings at the same time

primary and recency effect

First things and last things in the list tend to be remembered longer

multiple connections of different cues and nodes is referred to as a(n) ____ ____

Associative Network

What is the directional flow of memory into long-term memory?

Sensory Inputs-Sensory Registers-Short Term Memory (circulates here)-Long Term Memory

To remember a day in your past moment by moment and all the details involved is a form of ____ ____

Episodic Memory (its like watching an episode of a show, but you're the main character)

von Restoff effect

Imagine a list of names, suddenly one looks longer than all the others. We will remember that longer name

what processes certain information and pairs it into the LT memory for retrieval?

working/short term memory

What stores memory for a long period of time?

long-term memory

Bat rhymes with Hat can be both a(n) _____ and/or a(n) _____ ____ method

retrieval cue and phonological coding method.

What is chunking?

piecing information into meaningful groups from a long list (ex asgjkf = as gj kf)

What is a phonological loop?

repeating something over and over again aloud

What is an episodic buffer?

the combination of visual memory, phonological looping and the use of long-term memory recall. It is a temporary storage space. (brings you back to a moment in which you may remember the sounds hears and the sights seen... such as walking through your school cafeteria)

_____ records, stores and retrieves information

memory

multiple connections of different cues and nodes is referred to as a(n) ____ ____

Associative Network

explicit memory

U need some effort to deal with these.

implicit memory

Not that much effort is needed. I barely think at all when riding my bike

semantic memory

an explicit subtype. memory abt everyone else and the world

episodic memory

also explicit. memory abt self

priming

implicit memory. ur brain automatically suggests the context based on previous similar memory. Think of how CPU works effectively

encoding

Short-term memory input

an internal or external stimulus that aid in recall is a ___ ____ (often given when something is at the tip-of-your-tongue)

retrieval cue

To remember a day in your past moment by moment and all the details involved is a form of ____ ____

Episodic Memory (its like watching an episode of a show, but you're the main character)

mnemonic

Some techniques use to remember something. | for example, soh cah toa

Retrieval memory

RRR. Recall. Recognition. Relearning

tip-of-the-tongue

Sometimes, I dont think i know English anymore. A memory cue will help just fine

context-dependant study

Do the exam where you study for it, people. Real psychological tip.

Making lists and taking notes is an example of ____ ____

effortful processing

When you can recall a section in your notes, where it was on the page and what color the writing was, you experienced ____ _____

automatic processing (you didn't consciously remember this information but your brain did and stored it without meaning)

What is structural coding?

it uses encoding and memorization to associate someones face to their name

Bat rhymes with Hat can be both a(n) _____ and/or a(n) _____ ____ method

retrieval cue and phonological coding method.

retrograde amnesia

Who am I? Where am I?

anterograde amnesia

I know who I am but can't remember what happened today.

suggestive memory techiques

Suggest patients to recall memory that might or might not be true

misinformation effect

providing misleading information abt an event, making the patient thinks that they have the memory

which theory is used when verbal codes and non verbal codes are used to store memory?

dual-coding theory

when you can vividly recall an image it is known as _____ memory

flashbulb

students who have a high need for ____ often enter prestigious career paths

achievement

____ are feelings that involve a pattern of cognitive, behaviour and physiological reactions to events

emotions

what emotions have more adaptive functions?

fear, excitement, joy

the term cognitive ____ refers to inerpretations and meanings that we attach to stimuli

appraisal

approach-avoidance is being _____?

attracted to and repelled by the SAME GOAL. Getting a test to get an a but repelling it in fear of failure

Memory Flashcards

(69 cards)