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Psychology CH 9-17-6-3-14-10 > Memory and Consciousness Ch 9 > Flashcards

Memory and Consciousness Ch 9 Flashcards

Exam 3

1
Q

BLANK is functioning anytime some past experience has an affect on the way you think or behave now or in the future

A

Memory

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2
Q

In cognitive psychology theories are commonly called BLANK and are often summarized visually with diagrams that use boxes to represent the mind’s components and arrows to represent the mvoement of information from one component to another.

A

Models

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3
Q

Most influential model is…

A

modal model of the mind (modal=standard)

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4
Q

Three types of memory stores in Modal Model are …. conceived of metaphorically as places (boxes in the diagram) where information is held and operated on.

A

sensory memory, working (short term) memory, and long term memory

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5
Q

Each store is characterized by its Blank, Blank, and Blank.

A

Function (the role it plays in the overall workings of the mind), capacity (the amount of information it can hold at any given instant) and its duration (the length of time it can hold an item of information

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6
Q

Control processes the model specifies are Blank (four things) which govern the processing of information within stores and the movement of information from one store to another.

A

Attention, rehearsal, encoding, retrieval

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7
Q

The abilty hold and recall trace information happens in the Blank memory (irregardless if the person is paying attention to the input). This info is lost in a half to 3 seconds typically.

A

sensory memory

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8
Q

Any information that was attended to in the sensory memory moves into the next compartment which is called Blank memory. This is the major workplace of the mind. The seat of conscious thought.

A

working memory (aka short term memory)

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9
Q

Blank memory corresponds most closely to most people’s everyday notion of memory. It is the stored representation of all that a person knows.

A

Long term memory

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10
Q

Blank memory is passive (a repository of information) and blank memory is active (a place where information is thought about).

A

Long term and working

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11
Q

Memory functions to ….

A

recall past experiences, recall stored info, think of the future and use acquired skill

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12
Q

Memory problems…

A

failure to recall past information or experiecnces (forgetting) and recall of inaccurate information or experiences (false memories)

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13
Q

Two main memory systems are Blank and Blank

A

Explicit (declaritive or conscious) and Implicit (non-declarative or unconscous) systems

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14
Q

Two types of Explicit System memory

A

Episodic and Semantic memory

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15
Q

One’s own experience is BLANK memory and words, meanings and facts are BLANK memory.

A

Episodic and Semantic

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16
Q

Three types of Implicit System memory

A

Classical Conditioning effects, Procedural Memory and Priming

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17
Q

Motor skills, habits and tacit rules are BLANK memory and activation, by sensory input, of concepts in long term memory is BLANK

A

Procedural Memory and Priming

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18
Q

Explicit memory assessment includes:

A

Recall, recognition and relearning

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19
Q

Recreating the original material w/no additional prompts (shows rapid forgetting)

A

recall

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20
Q

indicating what material has been previously experienced and what is new (shows longer retention)

A

recognition

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21
Q

speed of re-acquiring material that was previsouly known but had become unavailable

A

relearning

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22
Q

An impairment of long term memory due to brain damage

A

amnesia

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23
Q

an inability to form new long-term memory (hippocampus is used to form new memories)

A

Anterograde Amnesia

24
Q

An inability to recall previsoulsy available long term memories

A

Retrograde Amnesia

25
Q

BLANK is what helps move along information from Sesory Store to Working Store.

A

Attention

26
Q

Non-rehearsed information is BLANK at the Working Store level.

A

Displaced

27
Q

The process that moves information from working store to long term sotre is BLANK

A

Encoding

28
Q

The process where information is moved from LT Memory to Working Memory is….

A

Retrieval

29
Q

BLANK memory store is the visual sensory memory and BLANK memory store is the Auditory sensory memory

A

Iconic

Echoic

30
Q

When people fail to notice change to their visual worlkd when the changes occur during a brief interuption or distraction.

A

Change Blindness

31
Q

Blank is when one task uses attention, less attention is available for other uses

A

Inattention Blindness

32
Q

Blank decreases quality of performance on each task.

A

multitasking

33
Q

The Working Memory has a limited capacity of Blank +or- Blank meaningul sets of data.

A

7 +/- 2

34
Q

Grouping items into useful sets is called BLANK

A

chunking

35
Q

Ways we loose inforamtion in the working memory are:

A

displacement (due to small size) and unused information will go away in 10 - 15 seconds.

36
Q

the process of saying something over and over will keep it in your working memory longer is BLANK

A

maintenance rehearsal

37
Q

The components of working memory are the Blank, Blank and Blank.

A

Phonological Loop (hearing and thinking about), Visual Spatial Sketchpad and Central Executive (thinking and analysis)

38
Q

The process by which a person actively thinks about soemthign in a way that ties it to other information in Long Term Memory is Blank.

A

Encoding

39
Q

Where meaningful, connected information is stored. This area has an unlimited capacity.

A

long term memory (LTM)

40
Q

These things are needed to help facilitate BLANK of the LTM: repeatedly thinking about the meaning of information (use it or lose it), adequate REM sleep, and amugdala induced adrenaline release (not required)

A

Consolidation

41
Q

Ways to be an effective learner:

A

-Make sure to understand material rather than just recognize it; -Repeatedly study the material in several sessions spaced over time; -repeat testing of both easy and hard material; -do not judge your knowledge of something immideately after studying; -get adequate sleep

42
Q

Memory is organized in a Blank of Blank.

A

Network of associations

43
Q

Blank in recall of LTM is not infallible.

A

Confidence

44
Q

Blank from LTM is a reconstuction of what is believed to be true

A

Recall

45
Q

LTM stores blank meaning - not details unless they are meaningful.

A

General

46
Q

Blank confusion is related to the origin of the memory or a specific event. Suggestion and imagination can influence your memory. This contributes to the “sleeper effect” in persuasion.

A

Source

47
Q

Blank is ever changing. It is NOT flawless.

A

Memory

48
Q

Analysis that is occuing at anunconsious level is referred to as Blank

A

preattentive processing

49
Q

The ability to listen and understand one person’s voice while disregarding other, equally loud or even louder voices nearby

A

Selective listening (cocktail-party phenomenon)

50
Q

Shapes printed in colored ink for subjects to read the name of the ink coloro of each as rapidly as possible.

A

Stroop Interference Effect

51
Q

inability to encode new explicit long-term memories

A

temporal-lobe amnesia

52
Q

a stimulus or thought that primes a particular memory is referral to as

A

retrieval cue

53
Q

associated because they have occured together

A

association by contiguity

54
Q

items that share one or more properties in common are linked in memory wheter or not they occured together

A

association by similarity

55
Q

ones generalized mental representation or concept of any given class of objects, scenes, or events is a

A

schema

56
Q

schemas that involve the organization of events in time rather than objects in space are commonly called BLANK

A

scripts

Psychology CH 9-17-6-3-14-10 (4 decks)

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