Memory- Explanations for forgetting

Question 1

What are the two explanations for forgetting ?

Answer 1

Interference
Retrieval failure due to absence of cues

Question 2

What is the interference theory ?

Answer 2

We forget because our long term memories become confused with other information whilst it is coded

Question 3

What are the two types of interference ?

Answer 3

Proactive interference
Retroactive interference

Question 4

What is proactive interference ?

Answer 4

When old memories disrupt new memories

Question 5

What is retroactive interference ?

Answer 5

When new memories disrupt old memories

Question 6

When is interference more likely to occur ?

Answer 6

1- When two pieces of information are similar
2- When there are small gaps between learning

Question 7

What are the two types of retrieval failure ?

Answer 7

Context dependant forgetting
State dependant forgetting

Question 8

What is context dependant forgetting and give reference to a study done by Godden and baddley ?

Answer 8

When our external cues at the time of encoding do not match those at the time of recall. Godden and baddley found that with deep-water divers recalling at the matching conditions (such as learn underwater, recall underwater) was significantly larger than the non matching conditions.

Question 9

What is state dependent forgetting and give reference to the study done by Carter and Cassiday?

Answer 9

When our internal cues at the time of encoding do not match those at the time of recall. Carter and Cassiday used antihistamines to change the internal cues at the time of encoding and recall and found a 40% higher rate of accurate recall in matching conditions compared to non matching