Memory-msm & Types Of Ltm Flashcards
(68 cards)
What is long-term memory (LTM)?
A permanent memory store of past events or items
Examples include your first day at primary school, a birthday party, or the name of your favourite teacher.
What is required to recall information from long-term memory?
Information must be accessed and transferred to short-term memory (STM), known as retrieval
Retrieval is the process of accessing stored information.
How is information in long-term memory coded?
Semantically (based on meaning)
What is the capacity of long-term memory?
Potentially unlimited
What is the duration of long-term memory thought to be?
For the lifetime of each individual
What may happen to items in long-term memory?
They may be prone to forgetting
What does some research suggest about memory storage in LTM?
Some memories were never actually stored in LTM and may have been displaced from STM
What does it mean if some long-term memories are unavailable?
They are resistant to retrieval
What do some memories in LTM experience?
Decay
What does research using brain scanning techniques indicate about STM and LTM?
They may be stored in different brain regions
What supports the theory of having separate memory stores?
Controlled lab studies on coding, capacity, and duration
What did Baddeley’s (1966) study reveal about STM and LTM?
Similar-sounding words get mixed up in STM, while similar-meaning words get mixed up in LTM
What is a limitation of the multi-store model (MSM)?
It may be too simple
What does research suggest about STM and LTM?
They are made up of more than one store
What does the working memory model include?
Five components of STM
What type of tasks are often used in MSM research?
Artificial tasks, such as recalling a string of digits/letters
What issue arises from the use of artificial stimuli in research?
It limits application to real-world memory use
What does the use of artificial tasks in research imply?
The study lacks ecological validity
What does the multi-store model of memory (MSM) describe?
A system for how memories are made and stored
Proposed by Atkinson & Shiffrin (1968-1971)
What are the three stores in the multi-store model of memory?
- Sensory register
- Short-term memory
- Long-term memory
What connects the stores in the multi-store model of memory?
Processes that enable information to flow from each store
What is the sensory register (SR)?
Where all sensory information from the environment is held
How many senses does the sensory register detect?
Five senses
What are the five senses involved in the sensory register?
- Eyes for sight
- Ears for sounds
- Nose for smell
- Tongue for taste
- Skin for touch/pressure