Memory part one

Question 1

The process of memory

Answer 1

Encoding - the process whereby we transform information recieved into a meaningful form that allows us to store it
Storage- holding or storing the information
Retrieval- bringing the memory out of storage and restoring the information so that it can be used where needed

Question 2

The multi story model psychologists name?

Answer 2

Atkinson and shiffrin (1968)

Question 3

The multi- store model, what is it?

Answer 3

• one of the best known early models of memory
• memory consists of three separate stores ( sensory memory, short term memory and long term memory)
• this model assumes that information must flow through the stores in a fixed linear sequence, being recorded as it passes through each one.
• research into theese stores has concentrated on the type of encoding, capacity and duration.

Question 4

Maintainance rehearsal

Answer 4

Atkinson and shiffrin believe rehearsal or repetition of material is the key to getting information from the STM to LTM.

Question 5

The multi-store model 
Sensory memory (SM)

Answer 5

• involves input from the environment
• sensory memory consists of a set of modality specific stores which store information coming from the environment for fractions of a second (the information we wish to remember is stored in the form in which it was received)
• either stored in the iconic store, the echoic store or the haptic store

Question 6

The multi- store model, inconic information. psychologist name?

Answer 6

Sperling (1960)

Question 7

The multi-store model, iconic memory.

Sperling (1960) experiment

Answer 7

• tested iconic memory by presenting participants with grids of letters for very short periods of time (50 milliseconds)
• he found people could retain four items for up to one second

Question 8

The multi store model, sperling (1960)

Later studies of sensory memory have confirmed sperling DMs findings and have concluded that sensory memory can:

Answer 8

• retain Items for about two seconds
• only record information passively
• only retain information in a relatively unprocessed form

(In conclusion, the sensory memory is made it up of separate stores for visual information, auditory information and tactile information, only a fraction of the items registered here are even passed on to the STM, the rest are lost.

Question 9

Who devised a technique to measure the capacity of STM?

Answer 9

Jacobs (1887)