Mendalian genetics

Question 1

What does heredity mean?

Answer 1

Passing of traits from one generation to the next

Question 2

What is genetic variation?

Answer 2

Differences that make organisms different from their parents

Question 3

What is a locus?

Answer 3

Location of a particular gene on a given chromosome

Question 4

What is an allele?

Answer 4

Different forms of a gene (different nucleotide sequences)

Question 5

What is a diploid?

Answer 5

Pair of chromosomes, one from mum and one from dad

Question 6

Heterozygous vs Homozygous

Answer 6

Hetero: different (Pp or Bb)
Homo: same (PP or bb)

Question 7

What is a phenotype?

Answer 7

Features that can be seen externally (purple flowers)

Question 8

What is a genotype?

Answer 8

Genetic makeup that is not observed (PP/Pp)

Question 9

Punnett squares

Answer 9

Used to determine which genes give what trait and ratios

Question 10

Monohybrid cross

Answer 10

Cross involving one characteristic

Question 11

Dihybrid cross

Answer 11

Cross involving two characteristics