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ANA 6 > Meninges and Ventricular system > Flashcards

Meninges and Ventricular system Flashcards

(103 cards)

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0
Q

layers of meninges

A

Dura matter
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

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1
Q

connective tissue membranes that invest the brain and the SC

A

Meninges

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2
Q

most substantial of the meninges

A

dura mater

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3
Q

dura mater is

A 
mad up of dense CT 
encloses SC and cauda equina via cont of meningeal layer
cont above through foramen magnum
ends in filum terminale at lower S2
contains loose areolar CT
separated from wall by Extradural space
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4
Q

Spaces in cranial meninges

A 
Epidural ( b/w dura and Calvaria)
Subdural (inner most dural layer nera dura arachniod)
Sub arachnoid ( CSF filled, enlarged in cisterns)
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5
Q

lerge endothelium lined spaces b/w periosteal and meningeal layer sof dura mater

A

venous sinuses

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6
Q

Inner surface of the cranium, not continous with the dura mater of SC, comtinuous with periosteum and reaches foramen magnum

A

Endosteal/ periosteal layer

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7
Q

dense strong fibrous membrane covering the brain that is continuous with the dura mater of SC
Provides tubular sheaths for cranial nerves

A

meningeal layer

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8
Q

sickle shape fold of dura mater dividing the cerebral hemispheres. From internal frontal crest and Crista galli to internal occipital protuberance and becomes continuous with the tentorium cerebri. Encloses superior sagittal sinus

A

Falx Cerebri

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9
Q

uon of inferior sagittal sinus and Great cerebral vein of agalen

A

Straight sinus

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10
Q

crescent shape fold of dura mater that roofs over the posterior cranial fossa covering upper surface of cerebellum and supporting occipital lobes

A

tentorium crebelli

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11
Q

transverse membrane that attaches posteriorly and laterally (skull at transverse sinus) and anteriorly (petrous portion of temporal bone)

A

tentorium cerebelli

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12
Q

separates occipital and temporal lobes from cerebellum

A

tentorium cerebelli

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13
Q

contains the cerebrum; CN 1,2

A

Supratentorial compartment

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14
Q

contains brainstem and cerebellum; CN 3-12

A

Infratentorial compartment

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15
Q

large opening that allows passage of the upper brainstem aqueduct and vessels

A

Incisur tentorii

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16
Q

three sinuses housed by tentorium cerebelli

A

Straight sinus
Transverse sinus and
Superior petrossal sinus

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17
Q

located b/w the cerebellar hemispheres attatched to internal occipital crest. from the internal occipital protuberance to foramen magnum attached below tentorium cerebelli

A

Falx Cerebelli

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18
Q

what sinus is housed by the Falx Cerebelli

A

Occipital sinus

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19
Q

Connects the clinoid attatchments of Tentorium cerebelli and roofs the sella turcica

A

Diaphragma Sella

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20
Q

Dural nerve supply

A

CN 5, 10
First three cervical spinal nerves
Branches of sympathetic trunk
Sensory endings of CN 5

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21
Q

referred pain to the area of the skin to the same side of the head

A

above tentorium cerebelli

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22
Q

referred pain to the neck and back of scalp along dist of greater occipital nerve

A

Below tentorium cerebelli

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23
Q

Dural arterial Supply

A 
ICA
Maxillary A. (branch of ECA)
   Middle meningeal A
Ascending pharyngeal A
Occipital a
Vertebral a
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24
most important artery that enters the cranial cavity troug foramen magnum
Middle Meningeal A
25
landmark for middle meningeal A
Pterion
26
Dural Venous drainage
Meningeal Veins (endosteal layer of Dura)
27
where does meningeal veins drain into?
Pterygoid venous plexus | Sphenoparietal sinus
28
recieve blood from brain through the cerebral veins and CSF from sub arachnoid space and ultimately drains to IJV. No valves
Dural Venous Sinus
29
emergency veins which connects dural venous sinuses with diploic veins of skull ang scalp. No valves
Emissary Veins
30
weblike membrane of reticular fibers, impermeable and covered with flattened epithelial cells
Arachnoid mater
31
does the arachnoid mater dips into the sulci?
No
32
T/F Arachnoid mater fuses with the epinurium
True
33
Arachnoid mater + Pia Mater
Leptomeninges
34
T/F Arachnoid mater of the brain is not continuous with the SC
False
35
separates Arachnoid mater from Dura mater
subdural space
36
separates Arachnoid mater from pia mater
subarachnoid space
37
formed when arachnoid mater and pia mater are separated widely
subarachnoid cisternae
38
Lies b/w the inferiorsurface of the cerebellum and root of 4th ventricle. largerst cranial cistern
Cisterna cerebellomedularis/ Cisterna magna
39
lies b/w cerebral peuncles
Cisterna interpeduncularis
40
lies superior to Pituitary glans
suprasella cistern
41
extension of superior cistern connecting tot he interpeduncular cistern
ambient cistern
42
surrounds ventral aspect of the pons
Prepontine cistern
43
Superior cistern contains :
Great v of Galen Posterior Cerebral A Superior Cerebral a
44
extends from conus medularis to level of S2 containing filum terminale and roots of cauda equina
Lumbar cistern
45
T/F Lumbar puncture is done on the Lumbar cistern
True
46
major site where CSF diffuses into the blood stream
Arachnoid granulations
47
groups of arachid villi
pacchonian granulation
48
small stands of collagenous CT covered with fibroblast like arachnoid cells . suspends brain w/in meninges
Arachnoid Trabeculae
49
vascular membrane covered with flattened mesothelial cells investing in the gyri and sulci and following its contours in brain
Pia Mater
50
inner layer of pia mater adhering to underlying nervous tissue that is avascular where cerebral vessels lie on its surface
Intima Pia
51
superficial layer formed by a meshwork of collagenous fiber cont with arachnoid bundle where BV of SC lie
Epipial Layer
52
thickened side of nerve root passing laterally to adhere to the arachnoid and dura
ligamentum denticulum
53
T/F SC is suspended in themiddle of dural sheath
True
54
cuffs surrounding the arteries formed by invaginatins on Pia mater
Perivascular space / Virchow robin Space
55
condensation kf Pia mater at the region of Conus medularis
Filum terminale
56
filum terminale invested by dura mater and continous as
coccygeal ligament
57
roffs the 3rd and 4th ventricle
Tela Choroidea
58
Tela choroidea+ ependyma
Choroid plexus
59
Summary of Cranial meninges
Dura mater: double layered att to calvaria surface Epidural space: b/w periosteum & calvaria Arachnoid: att to inner surface of Dura Pia : Attatched to CNS surface
60
Summary of Spinal Meninges
Dura mater: single layered sus in vertebral canal Epidural space:real space arachnoid: att to inner surface of Dura Pia: Attached to CNS and elonfates as dentate lgament
61
communicating system of cavities lined with ependyma and filled with CSF
Ventricular system
62
occupy lower medial portion of cerebral hemispheres
Lateral ventricles
63
serves as communication b/w lateral ventricles and 3rd centricles
Lateral foramen of Monro
64
communicates with 4th ventricle
Cerebral aqueduct of sylvius
65
Ventricular system extend to the SC as
Central canal
66
Meningeal artery and vein bursts due to blow to the side of the head. Spread is limited and there is lens shape b/w layers
Epidural Hematoma
67
tearing of Sup cerebral Veins by blowing of head in front having acute and chronic forms and a crescent shape between dura and arachnoid layers
Subdural Hematoma
68
Body of Lateral Ventricles
Location: parietal lobe Roof: Under surface of Corpus Callosum Medial wall: Posterior portion of septum Pellucidum Floor:Formix, Choroid plexus, Thalamus, Stria Terminalis, vena Terminalis, caudate nucleus
69
Anterior/ Frontal Horn of Lateral ventricles
Location:Frontal lobe Roof: anterior part of corpus callosum Medial wall: Septum pellucidum ant column of for ix Floor: Head of caudate nucleusa
70
Posterior / occipital horn of lateral ventricle
Location: Occipital lobe Roof and lateral wall: tepetum of corpus callosum Medial wall:splenium of corpus callosum Floor: calcar avis by the calcarine sulcus
71
Inferior / temporal horn of lateral ventricle
Location: temporal lobe Roof: Tapetum of corpus callosum Floor: fimbria hippoocampus, collateral eminence
72
confluence of the three horns of lateral ventricle
Atriun (trigone)
73
T/F There is choroid plexus in anterior and posterior horns
False
74
medial aspect of lateral ventricles
Choroid plexus
75
attachment of plexus to structures
Tela choroidea
76
3rd ventricle parts
Roof:Tela Choroidea & Choroid Location: lateral wall: medial surface of two thalami Floor:hypothalamus ant commissure Rostral limit: lamina terminalis
77
T/F Choroid plexus is not present on Cerebral aqueduct of sylvis.
True
78
tent shaped cavity b/brainstem and cerebellum
4th ventricle
79
median aperture piercing the roof of 4th ventricle
Foramen of Magendie
80
lateral aperture that opens the 4th ventricle anteriorly
Foramen of Luschka
81
4th ventricle
Roof: Cerebellum, choroid plexus Floor: superior half of medulla and pons
82
opens superiorly into 4th ventricles expanding into TERMINAL VENTRICLE in conus medularis having no choroid plexus
Central Canal of SC
83
Cushions and protects CNS against mechanical trauma and possesses inorganic salts
CSF
84
secretes CSF
choroid plexus
85
Trace flow of CSF
Choroid Plexus ➡️ Lat ventricle ➡️ interventricular foramen of monro➡️ 3rd ventricle ➡️ cerebral aqueduct of sylvius ➡️ 4th ventricle ➡️ foramen of magendie and lushka ➡️ arachnoid granulations
86
diverticulum of sub arachnoid space which controls CSF pressure
Arachnoid villi
87
Isolate brain tissue from blood and CSF
BBB Blood Brain Barrier
88
Proportionality of BBB in relation to size of molecules and permeability
Inversely
89
Components of Blood brain barrier
Endothelial cells containing tight junctions Basement membrane Foot process of astrocytes
90
Areas having no BBB
``` Pineal body Subfornical organs Organum vasculosum Neurohypophysis Area postrema Hypothalamus ```
91
Abnormal increase in CSF within skull
Hydrocephalus
92
Raised CSF pressure is due to
``` Excessive formation (tumor of choroid plexus) Blockage of circulation (in the ventricles) Diminished absorption (inflammatory exudate, venous thrombosis, obstruction of IJ vein) ```
93
When there is inc CSF formation but normal CSF pressure
Compensatory hypoplasia or atrophy of brain
94
Type of hydrocephalus where there is no obstruction within or to the outflow. CSF freely reaches subarachnoid space
Communicating hydrocephalus
95
Type of hydrocephalus where there is blockage between formation and exit
Non-communicating hydrocephalus
96
Free passage of water, gasses, lipid soluble substances however macromolecules would be unable to enter
Blood CSF Barrier
97
Components of Blood CSF Barrier
Endothelial cells with pseudofenestrations BM Scattered flat cells with flat processes Another BM Choroidal Epithelial cells and tight junctions
98
semi permeable barrier that protect the brain and SC from potentially harmful substances
Blood CSF Barrier
99
T/ FBilirubin freely enter CNS in newborn
TRUE
100
Breakdown of BBB hence diffusion of large molecules into nervous tissue
Brain trauma
101
Meninges become more permeable permitting sufficient antibiotic to reach infection
Meningitis
102
Possess blood vessels that have no BBB allowing spread of these __________
Tumors

ANA 6 (4 decks)

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