Meningitis and Vaccination Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is meningitis?
acute inflammation of the meninges (membranes lining skull enclosing brain and spinal cord)
What types of meningitis are infants mostly affected by?
group B streptococci
pneumococcal
Meng B, C
What types of meningitis are children (2-12yrs) mostly affected by?
pneumococcal
Meng B, C
how many cases of meningitis are there every year in the UK?
3223
how many serotypes of neisseria meningitidis are there and what are they based on?
12 types - based on the bacterial polysaccharide capsule
most common are B!!, C, W and Y
How did the mengC vaccine lead to herd immunity?
as the vaccine reduced the burden of carriage on the nasal cavity
what is the vaccine schedule for mengC?
3 months
12 months
14 years
how many strains of streptococcus pneumonia (cause pneumonia) are there?
90 subtypes but the only 7-10 cause disease
What is the most important virulence factor for streptococcus pneumonia?
capsule
What are the two vaccines against streptococcus pneumonia?
PCV13 (children) - contains 13 capsule groups, conjugated to diptheria
PPV23 (adults) - contains 23 capsule groups
how long does it take for immunity to develop after a single dose of PPV vaccine?
3 weeks
What does HiB stand for?
Haemophilus influenzae type B
what % of HiB are presented as bacterial meningitis?
60%
how many capsule serotypes of HiB are there?
6 (a-f) - only encapsulated strains cause strains
what are non-capsulated diseases of HiB associated with?
respiratory infections such as exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and otitis media
Which vaccines does the 6 in 1 vaccine protect against?
diptheria, tetanus, polio, pertussis, hepatitis B and HiB
