Mental Health Counseling

Question 1

A goal oriented relationship between a professionally trained, competent counselor and an individual seeking help for the purpose of bringing about a meaningful awareness and understanding of the self and environment, improving planning and decision making, and formulating new ways of behaving, feeling, and thinking for problem resolution and/or development growth.

Answer 1

Counseling

Question 2

involves immediate and short- and long-term counseling interventions that result from natural, person-made, technological, and/or biological catastrophic events where such critical events impact the medical, physical, psychological, social, emotional, cognitive, cultural, spiritual, occupational, and psychosocial well-being of individuals, groups, and world cultures.

Answer 2

Disaster Mental Health Counseling

Question 3

DMH response utilizes the _______________ to facilitate interventions during disaster and trauma response;

Answer 3

knowledge and skills of the
counseling profession

Question 4

all interventions should be 1._________ in nature where professional counselors choose 2. __________ based on the specific CI and population they are serving;

Answer 4

1. Holistic 2. Specific Interventions

Question 5

all interventions are ________ based and may require attunement to a specific culture.

Answer 5

Culturally

Question 6

The ___________ and __________ is the foundation of connection and rapport with persons traumatized by disasters.

Answer 6

therapeutic alliance and person-centered relationship

Question 7

• broad term used to describe a type of counseling approach
• aimed at reducing the emotional and psychological effects of trauma and the prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder

Answer 7

Trauma Counseling

Question 8

Something that happens in a person’s environment that is overwhelming and that the person believes will stretch their ability to cope in a healthy way.

Answer 8

Stress

Question 9

A situation that disrupts the status quo, leaves the person feeling powerless, and causes the individual to feel “that things might never be the same.”

Answer 9

Crisis

Question 10

is an experience that causes a person to feel afraid, overwhelmed, out of control, and broken. This affects how people view themselves, others, and the world around them.”

Answer 10

Trauma

Question 11

Allostasis helps us adapt and survive in the face of stress, crisis, and trauma. We can experience this if we put too much pressure on this system (allostasis) to calm us down from ongoing stress. This leads to significant health consequences.

Answer 11

Allostatic Load

Question 12

From Greek word “krinein” meaning to “to decide”. The individual is confronted by an enormous life-changing event (e.g., divorce, loss of a loved one, job lay-off, diagnosis of an illness or

Answer 12

Crisis

Question 13

refers to a serious physical and/or psychological injury sustained as a result of a life- threatening or horrific experience.

Answer 13

Trauma

Question 14

Events that are disruptive and stressful, with the origin being in multiple life environments and areas.

Answer 14

Critical Incidents

Question 15

A well-coordinated and planned effort that has a defined organizational structure of roles, tasks, and responsibilities, typically performed in teams of specialists

Answer 15

Critical Incidents Response

Question 16

formal, structured protocol originally developed by Mitchell (1983) as a direct, action-oriented crisis intervention process designed to prevent traumatic stress symptoms for both primary and secondary survivors.

Answer 16

Critical incident stress debriefing

Question 17

is a group of well-trained and certified individuals who provide trauma mitigation and psychoeducation after a CI.

Answer 17

Crisis Response Team

Question 18

describe an approach that involves forming small and large groups of primary and secondary survivors to educate and discuss one specific CI.

Answer 18

Debriefing

Question 19

basically a shortened version of the CISD model. It is designed to either eliminate the need for a formal debriefing or enhance the CISD.

Answer 19

Defusing

Question 20

True or false: From the humanistic point of view, the persons themselves
define their experiences of trauma, crisis, or disaster.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Assumptions in Dmh response: Recognize the person as a survivor - Viewing persons as “victims” of traumatic events
discounts their survival skills and negatively reinforces
the stereotype of being helpless, hopeless, dependent, and defenseless.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Assumptions in dmh response: Accept that the stressors
accompanying traumatic events are real and legitimate for primary survivors.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Assumptions in dmh response: There is a high incidence of
secondary posttraumatic symptoms that affects family
members, friends, and communities as a whole.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Assumption in DMH Response: Interventions should be
person centered as opposed to treating a diagnostic category.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Assumption in DMH Response: Empowering survivors with multiple resources and support systems facilitates better coping abilities and recovery.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Assumptions in dmh: Posttraumatic stress symptoms must be viewed in terms of the person’s cultural and institutional environment.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Assumptions in dmh: individuals heal at different rates

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Assumptions in dmh: Preexisting physical, emotional, cognitive, or financial limitations may intensify a crisis event and produce more complex reactions of grief and loss.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Give Counseling Skills and Strategies

Answer 29

- Attending - Reflecting & Paraphrasing - Summarising - Questions - Focusing - Immediacy - Rapport Building - Silence

Question 30

means a sense of having a connection with the person.

Answer 30

Building rapport

Question 31

ability to be physically present for the client. Giving them your undivided attention and making appropriate eye contact, mirroring body language, and nodding.

Answer 31

Listening/Attending

Question 32

gives the client control of the content, pace. Listening to silences as well as words, sitting with them and recognizing that the silences may facilitate the counselling process

Answer 32

Silence

Question 33

showing the client that you have ‘heard’ not only what is being said, but also what feelings and emotions the client is experiencing when sharing their story with you.

Answer 33

Paraphrasing

Question 34

like holding up a mirror: repeating the client’s words back to them exactly as they said them.

Answer 34

Reflection

Question 35

The counsellor uses open questions to clarify his or her understanding of what the client is feeling. Leading questions are to be avoided as they can impair the counselling relationship.

Answer 35

Question

Question 36

- what issues the client wants to deal with. -The client may have mentioned a range of issues and problems and focusing allows the counsellor and client together to clear away some of the less important surrounding material and concentrate on the central issues of concern.

Answer 36

Focusing

Question 37

They condense or crystallize the essence of what the client is saying and feeling.

Answer 37

Summarising

Question 38

ability to deal with the here-and-now factors that operate within the helping relationship

Answer 38

Immediacy