Mental Health Medications (96) Flashcards
(42 cards)
1
Q
ZOLPIDEM: Nursing Considerations
A
- Dosage may need to be reduced in patient using a CNS depressant, to avoid an addictive effect
- Side effects increase with prolonged usage
- May cause “sleep driving”
- May worsen depression
- Monitor for suicidal thoughts or behavior
- Rx C-IV; Preg Cat B
2
Q
ZOLPIDEM: Side Effects
A
- Headache
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- “Drugged” feeling
- Abnormal thinking
- Leukopenia
- Myalgia
3
Q
ZOLPIDEM: Purpose
A
Short-term treatment of insomnia
4
Q
ZALEPLON: Nursing Considerations
A
- Elderly patients generally benefit the most
- Because of rapid onset, patients should take immediately before bedtime
- Avoid alcohol while using this medication
- May be habit-forming
- “Sleep driving” may occur
- Rx C-IV; Preg Cat C
5
Q
ZALEPLON: Side Effects
A
- Headache, tremors
- Myalgia
- Dizziness, confusion
- Bronchitis
- Dyspepsia, dry mouth
- Eye pain, vision change
6
Q
ZALEPLON: Purpose
A
Short-term treatment of insomnia
7
Q
TEMAZEPAM: Nursing Considerations
A
- Should be avoided in patients under the age of 18
- Avoid alcohol while taking this drug
- Not intended for use for more than 10 days
- Take without regard to food
- Increases the effect of CNS depressants
- “Sleep driving” may occur, especially if taken with alcohol or CNS depressants
- Rx C-IV; Preg Cat X
8
Q
TEMAZEPAM: Side Effects
A
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness, headache
- Lethargy, fatigue
- Weakness
- Euphoria
- Chest pain, hypotension
- Blurred vision
- Nausea, vomiting, anorexia
9
Q
TEMAZEPAM: Purpose
A
Short-term treatment of insomnia
10
Q
LITHIUM: Nursing Considerations
A
- Use caution in potentially hazardous activities
- Check serum levels twice weekly during treatment, q 2–3 months on maintenance; draw blood in a.m. prior to dose
- Target serum levels: treatment = 0.5 to 1.5 mEq/L, maintenance = 0.6–1.2 mEq/L
- Take with meals to avoid GI upset
- Onset of therapeutic effects in 1–2 weeks
- Dose reduced during depressive stages of illness
- Encourage 10–12 glasses water/day and adequate salt intake (6–10 g/day)
- Rx; Preg Cat D
11
Q
LITHIUM: Side Effects
A
- Signs of toxicity: vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, muscular weakness, ataxia
- Dizziness, headache
- Impaired vision
- Fine hand tremors
- Reversible leukocytosis
- Dry mouth, anorexia
- Hypotension
- Dysrhythmias
- Polyuria, proteinuria
- Hyponatremia
- Hypo/hyperthyroidism
12
Q
LITHIUM: Purpose
A
Management of manic phase in bipolar disorder, prevention of bipolar manic-depressive psychosis
13
Q
CARBAMAZEPINE: Nursing Considerations
A
- Take with food or milk to decrease GI upset; nonextended-release tablets may be crushed, extended-release capsules may be opened and mixed with juice or soft food
- Avoid activities requiring alertness for the first 3 days
- Urine may turn pink to brown
- Avoid abrupt withdrawal; discontinue gradually
- Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
- Monitor for suicidal thoughts or behavior
- Patient should wear medical information tag
- Rx; Preg Cat D
14
Q
CARBAMAZEPINE: Side Effects
A
- Myelosuppression
- Dizziness, drowsiness
- Hepatitis
- Diplopia, rash
- Renal failure
- Photosensitivity
- Nausea, vomiting
- Dysrhythmias
- Impotence
- Bone marrow suppression
- Osteoporosis
- Hypocholesterolemia
15
Q
CARBAMAZEPINE: Purpose
A
Management of seizures, trigeminal neuralgia, and bipolar disorder
16
Q
METHYLPHENIDATE: Nursing Considerations
A
- Concerta is time-released and should be swallowed whole, not chewed
- Dosage is adjusted in 18-mg increments to a maximum of 54 mg/day
- Avoid alcohol, caffeine, and OTC preparations
- Do not stop abruptly; taper over several weeks
- Monitor for adverse psychiatric symptoms
- Rx C-II
17
Q
METHYLPHENIDATE: Side Effects
A
- Headache
- Fever, arthralgia
- Visual disturbance
- Abdominal pain
- Nausea, anorexia
- Insomnia
- Restlessness
- Urticaria, rash
- Leukopenia
- Growth retardation
18
Q
METHYLPHENIDATE: Purpose
A
Treatment of ADD/ADHD in children over 6 years old, treatment of narcolepsy
19
Q
AMPHETAMINE/DEXTROAMPHETAMINE: Nursing Considerations
A
- Take in the morning
- High potential for abuse
- Rx C-II
20
Q
AMPHETAMINE/DEXTROAMPHETAMINE: Side Effects
A
- Headache, dizziness
- Weight loss
- Abdominal pain
- Mood changes
- Tachycardia
- Insomnia
- Dry mouth
21
Q
AMPHETAMINE/DEXTROAMPHETAMINE: Purpose
A
Treatment benign prostatic hyperplasia
22
Q
ARIPIPRAZOLE: Nursing Considerations
A
- IM: inject deep, slowly into muscle mass; peak 1–3 hours
- PO: can take without regard to food; peak 3–5 hours
- Monitor for suicidal ideation
- Do not stop abruptly
- Rx; Preg Cat C
23
Q
ARIPIPRAZOLE: Side Effects
A
- Headache
- Insomnia
- Anxiety
- Cough
- Weight gain
- Hyperglycemia
- Musculoskeletal pain
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- Chest pain
- Blurred vision
- Rash
24
Q
ARIPIPRAZOLE: Purpose
A
Treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder
25
**ZIPRASIDONE:** Nursing Considerations
* Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
* Use caution in potentially hazardous activities
* Avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly
* Avoid strenuous exercise in hot weather
* Check before taking OTC meds
* May cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome
* Rx; Preg Cat C
26
**ZIPRASIDONE:** Side Effects
* Drowsiness
* Dizziness
* Diarrhea
* Abnormal vision
* Vomiting, anorexia
* Headache
* Hyperglycemia
* Orthostatic hypotension
* Heart failure
* Extrapyramidal symptoms
* Impotence
* Decreased bone density
* Rhinitis, dyspnea
27
**ZIPRASIDONE:** Purpose
Treatment of schizophrenia, acute agitation, acute psychosis, bipolar disorder, and psychotic depression
28
**QUETIAPINE:** Nursing Considerations
* Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
* Use caution in potentially hazardous activities
* Avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly
* Avoid strenuous exercise in hot weather
* Avoid OTC meds unless approved by provider
* May increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior
* May cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome
* Rx; Preg Cat C
29
**QUETIAPINE:** Side Effects
* Drowsiness
* Dizziness
* Hyperglycemia
* Nausea, anorexia
* Dry mouth
* Orthostatic hypotension
* Agranulocytosis
* Extrapyramidal symptoms
* Hyperglycemia
* SIADH
* Hyponatremia
* Back pain
30
**QUETIAPINE:** Purpose
Treatment of bipolar disorder, depression, and schizophrenia
31
**RISPERIDONE:** Nursing Considerations
* Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
* Use caution in potentially hazardous activities
* Avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly
* Avoid strenuous exercise in hot weather
* Avoid OTC meds unless approved by provider
* Rx; Preg Cat C
32
**RISPERIDONE:** Side Effects
* Drowsiness
* Dizziness
* Headache, insomnia
* Constipation
* Hyperglycemia
* Orthostatic hypotension
* Extrapyramidal symptoms
* Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
* Heart failure
* Neutropenia
* URI
33
**RISPERIDONE:** Purpose
Treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and irritability associated with autism
34
**OLANZAPINE:** Nursing Considerations
* Avoid changing positions rapidly
* Dosage should be managed tightly when established
* Use caution when operating equipment
* Avoid OTC preparations unless approved by provider
* May cause neuroleptic syndrome
* Rx; Preg Cat C
35
**OLANZAPINE:** Side Effects
* Hostility
* Dizziness
* Rhinitis
* Cough, pharyngitis
* Nervousness
* Joint pain
* Dry mouth
* Headache
* Urinary retention
* Insomnia
* Increased appetite and weight gain
* Fatigue
* Impotence
* Hyperlipidemia
* Extrapyramidal symptoms
* Heart failure
* Hypo/hyperglycemia
* Neutropenia
* Orthostatic hypotension
36
**OLANZAPINE:** Purpose
Treatment of schizophrenia and manic episodes in bipolar disorder
37
**HALOPERIDOL:** Nursing Considerations
* PO concentrate: dilute with water, not coffee or tea
* PO: take with food or full glass of water/milk
* IM: inject slowly, deep into large muscle; have patient lie down for 30 minutes; do not give IV
* Avoid abrupt withdrawal; discontinue gradually
* Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants
* Use caution in potentially hazardous activities
* Avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly
* Wear protective clothing, sunglasses due to photosensitivity
* May cause neuroleptic malignant or serotonin syndrome
* Rx; Preg Cat C
38
**HALOPERIDOL:** Side Effects
* Drowsiness
* Dizziness
* Dyspnea
* Urinary retention
* Tachycardia
* Hypotension
* Confusion
* Rash
* Impotence
* Photosensitivity
* Hepatitis
* Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth
* Extrapyramidal symptoms
39
**HALOPERIDOL:** Purpose
Treatment of Tourette syndrome and schizophrenia, emergency sedation of severely agitated or delirious patients
40
**VENLAFAXINE:** Nursing Considerations
* Take with food; extended-release tablets should be swallowed whole
* Taper dose before stopping if taken over 6 weeks
* Avoid use with alcohol, CNS depressants for up to 1 week after end of therapy
* Use caution in potentially hazardous activities
* May increase risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior
* Rx; Preg Cat C
41
**VENLAFAXINE:** Side effects...pendiente
42
**VENLAFAXINE:** Purpose...pendiente
