Mental Illness Flashcards
(39 cards)
What two categories is mental illness classified as
Psychotic
Non-psychotic
Psychotic illness
Referred to a psychosis, involves loss of reality. This means that the individual has trouble separating reality/ alternative reality
Non-psychotic illness
Remain in touch with reality despite dysfunctional thoughts/feelings/behaviour
May feel prolonged feelings on sadness/anxiety/fear to an extent that they can’t cope with everyday life
How many people have a mental illness and which type of lines is most common
In 2007 16-45 year olds, 45% had one, 1 in 5 had one in the past 12 months
1 in 6 in 1997
Psychotic
What is the DSM
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder 5
What does the DSM-5 provide
A system for diagnosing and classifying, based on evidence
Typical course of action and a description
Age which it is likely to occur
Degree of impairment
Whether it will effect others
Relationship between gender/age/culture
What is labelling a mental illness
Is the process of classifying and naming a MI following a diagnosis
Advantages of labelling a MI
Helps psychologist recognise and describe
Assists in treatment plan
Helps to have a common understanding of the person
Disadvantages of labelling a MI
Can influence how they think or feel
Create misunderstand about illness and also creates a bias towards the person
Once labeled it is hard to get rid of
What is insanity
Psychologist don’t use the word to describe MI
Has been adopted by legal system
Factors that can lead to a MI
Disruptions to normal development
Genetic make-up
Environmental triggers
Personal vulnerability
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Characterised by extreme unresponsiveness to others, poor communication skills and highly repetitive routine
Begins on infancy, no specific test, professionals rely on observations and parent interviews
What are the symptoms of ASD
Socials interactions
Communications
Behaviour
Why is spectrum used in ASD
Because of the wide range in different in each case
What are the causes of ASD
Brain dysfunction
Treatment options available for ASD
None really except for behaviour modification
What are the three characteristics of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Attention problems Hyperactivity Impulsiveness- lack of self control Most common childhood disorder Must have these symptoms for at least 6 months
Treatment options for ADHD
Medications and behaviour therapy
What leads to ADHD
Structural and chemical differences in the brain
Anorexia Nervosa
It is an eating disorder Persistent refusals to maintain body weight at normal levels Fear of weight gain Distorted perception of body image Absence of menstruation
Medical problems associated with anorexia Nervosa
Lowered body temp Reduced bone density Hair loss Heart failure Collapse of circulatory system
What cause anorexia
Biological- genes and brain function
Psychological- low self esteem
Socio-cultural- media, family expectation
Treatment of anorexia
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) focuses on connection between thoughts and feelings
This works by trying to change the way they think about themself
Anxiety disorder and how is it characterised
Is the state of emotional arousal with feeling of apprehension, worry that something bad is going to happen
Characterised by chronic feelings of tension or distress and the future negatively
