Mental Status & Development

Question 1

10 parts of the mental status exam?

Answer 1

appearance
behavior
speech
mood
affect
thought content
thought process
perception
cognition
insight/judgement

Question 2

4 components of the behavior eval?

Answer 2

attitude
eye contact
tics/tremors
psychomotor agitation/retardation

Question 3

4 components of the speech eval?

Answer 3

rate
volume
spontaneity
quality

Question 4

What is mood?

Answer 4

the pt’s description of their feelings

Question 5

What is affect?

Answer 5

observed emotion

Question 6

3 components of affect?

Answer 6

congruency with mood
quality (dysphoric, euthymic, euphoric)
range (flat, full, labile)

Question 7

What is thought process?

Answer 7

manner in which thoughts are connected/associated

Question 8

3 common disorders of thought?

Answer 8

flight of ideas (rapidly shifting)
echolalia (rhymes instead of meaning)
looseness of association (fragmented and illogical)

Question 9

4 components of thought content eval?

Answer 9

suicidal/homicidal
obsessions
fears/phobias
delusions

Question 10

What is idea of reference?

Answer 10

assuming something is targeted at you

Question 11

What are hallucinations?

Answer 11

perceptions in the absence of stimuli

Question 12

What are illusions?

Answer 12

misperception of an actual stimulus

Question 13

4 categories of development?

Answer 13

physical
language
social/emotional
cognitive

Question 14

Gross motor milestones at 2mo, 4mo, 6mo, 9mo, 12mo, 15mo, 18mo, 24mo?

Answer 14

2 - hold up head
4 - bears weight
6 - sits with minimal support
9 - sits without support
12 - stand alone
15 - walk alone
18 - walk up steps
24 - runs

Question 15

Fine motor milestones at 4mo, 6mo, 9mo?

Answer 15

4 - grasp
6 - pass objects hand-to-hand
9 - pincer grasp

Question 16

When is the explosion in language?

Answer 16

18-24 mo

Question 17

Age range for first words?

Answer 17

7-12 mo

Question 18

Age range for two-word questions?

Answer 18

1-2 yrs

Question 19

Age range for 3-words and attributes?

Answer 19

2-3 yrs

Question 20

Age range for sentences?

Answer 20

3-4 yrs

Question 21

Speech milestones for 2,4,6,9,12,15,18,24 mo?

Answer 21

2 - smiles
4 - laught/squeal
6 - imitate syllables
9 - nonspecific sounds
12 - respond to name, use mama/dada
15 -follow simple commands
18 - 6-word vocab
24 - combine words

Question 22

Social milestones at 6wk, 2mo, 10mo, 12mo, 18mo, 24mo, 5yr?

Answer 22

6wk - social smile
2mo - recognize mom
10 - stranger anxiety
12 - wave bye bye
18 - imitate actions
24 - play interactive games
5yr - dress with supervision

Question 23

Bowlby’s 4 characteristics of attachment?

Answer 23

proximity maintenance
safe haven
secure base
separation distress

Question 24

2 hormones involved in attachment?

Answer 24

oxytocin & dopamine

Question 25

What is reactive attachment disorder?

Answer 25

2 of following:
minimal social/emotional responsiveness
limited positive affect
episodes of unexplained irritability/sadness/fearfulness

Question 26

What is disinhibited social engagement disorder?

Answer 26

2 of following:
reduced reticence in interactive with unfamiliar adults
overly familiar behavior
dimished checking back with caregiver
willingness to go off with someone unfamiliar

Question 27

4 Piaget stages of cognitive development (and ages)?

Answer 27

sensorimotor (0-18 mo)
preoperational (18mo-6yr)
concrete operations (6-12)
formal operation (12+)

Question 28

Piaget sensorimotor stage characteristics?

Answer 28

actions, senses
egocentric
putting things in mouth, throwing, hitting

Question 29

Piaget preoperational stage characteristics?

Answer 29

language developing, pretend play, egocentric, transductive reasoning

Question 30

Piaget concrete operations characteristics?

Answer 30

conservation, relational concepts, class inclusion, higher order representations (maps), irreversibility of death, concept of time

Question 31

Piaget formal operations characteristics?

Answer 31

abstrct thought, problem solving, hypotheticals, future projection

Question 32

What is the grey vs white matter trend during development?

Answer 32

white matter develops as neural connections are made

development ends with areas for higher-order processing