Metabolic Fuels and Dietary Components

Question 1

when something is oxidized does it create or use enregy

Answer 1

it creates energy

Question 2

when carbohydrate lipid and proteins are oxidized they produce

Answer 2

heat, carbon dioxide and ATP

Question 3

biosynthetic processes are referred to as

Answer 3

anabolic processes

Question 4

degradative energy producing processes are referred to as

Answer 4

catabolic processes

Question 5

ATP is produced via

Answer 5

metabolism or catabolism

Question 6

what is the most predominant sugar in the human blood ?

Answer 6

glucose

Question 7

complete oxidation of dietary carbohydrates yields how much

Answer 7

4kcal/g

Question 8

________– and _________-are polymers of glucose

Answer 8

starch and glycogen

Question 9

_______-is the storage form of glucose in plants

Answer 9

stach

Question 10

____________is the storage form of glucose in animals

Answer 10

glycogen

Question 11

complete oxidation produces

Answer 11

4kcal/g

Question 12

complete oxidation of dietary lipids produces

Answer 12

9kcal/g

Question 13

complete oxidation of alchohol produces

Answer 13

7 kcal/g

Question 14

__________is the energy expenditure necessary to maintain basic physiolgoic function (at rest, awake, warm environment, 12 hour afte ra meal and 12 hour after significant physical activity)

Answer 14

basal metabolic rate

Question 15

the estimation of BMR is

Answer 15

1kcal per kg weight per hour

Question 16

DEE

Answer 16

BMR+ physical activity + DIT factor

Question 17

what provides the greatest variation in energy expenditure

Answer 17

physical activity

Question 18

for DEE of a sedentary person

Answer 18

multiply BMR by 1.3

Question 19

for DEE of a moderate exerciser

Answer 19

multiply BMR by 1.7

Question 20

for DEE of a person who exercises heavily

Answer 20

multiply BMR by 2

Question 21

carloric balance

Answer 21

consumption-expenditure

Question 22

BMI

Answer 22

weight (kg)/height (m)

Question 23

underweight

Answer 23

BMI less than 18.5

Question 24

desirable

Answer 24

18.5-25

Question 25

overweight

Answer 25

25-30

Question 26

obese

Answer 26

greater than 30

Question 27

what are the two essential fatty acids required in the diet

Answer 27

linoleic and linolenic aicd

Question 28

what are the fat soluble vitamins

Answer 28

ADEK

Question 29

what are the water soluble vitamins

Answer 29

BC

Question 30

what are the 10 essential amino acids

Answer 30

``` valine methionine lysine histidine phenylalanine leucine isoleucine threonine tryptophan arginine (very many little hairy pigs live in the torrid argentine) ```

Question 31

_______is a protein malnutrition although caloric intake may be adequate

Answer 31

kwashiorkor

Question 32

_________is a caloric malnutrition where diet is inadequate in carloic intake and patient appears emaciated

Answer 32

maramus

Question 33

vitamin D deficiency causes

Answer 33

rickets

Question 34

vitamin A deficiency causes

Answer 34

night blindness

Question 35

vitamin C deficiency causes

Answer 35

scurvy

Question 36

what are the four main diseases that are known to be affected by diet

Answer 36

heart disease malignant neoplasms all forms stroke diabetes mellitus

Question 37

effect of trans fatty acids

Answer 37

increased LDL and increased HDL

Question 38

effect of saturated fatty acids

Answer 38

increased LDL and little effect on HDL

Question 39

effect of monounsaturated fatty acid

Answer 39

decreased LDL, maintain or increase HDL

Question 40

omega 6 FA

Answer 40

decrease hdl and ldl and provide arachidonic aicd

Question 41

omega 3 fatty acid

Answer 41

little effect on LDL or little effect on HDL suppresses cardiac arrhythmias reduce serum triacylglycerols and decrease the tendency for thrombosis and lowers blood pressure

Question 42

what are the three compounds that are known at affected coronary heart disease

Answer 42

monosaturated fatty acid omega 6 omega 3