Metabolic response to injury Flashcards
surgery (27 cards)
What is the primary metabolic response to injury?
The primary metabolic response to injury is the increase in energy expenditure and changes in substrate utilization.
True or False: The metabolic response to injury is the same for all individuals.
False
Fill in the blank: The metabolic response to injury is characterized by an increase in ________ levels.
catabolic
What hormone levels increase during the metabolic response to injury?
Cortisol and catecholamines levels increase.
Which type of nutritional support is often required in the metabolic response to injury?
Increased caloric intake and protein supplementation.
What is the role of cytokines in the metabolic response to injury?
Cytokines mediate the inflammatory response and influence metabolism.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common effect of the metabolic response to injury? A) Decreased oxygen consumption B) Increased protein breakdown C) Decreased insulin sensitivity
B) Increased protein breakdown
What is the significance of the ‘ebb phase’ in the metabolic response to injury?
The ‘ebb phase’ is characterized by shock and reduced metabolic activity, occurring immediately after injury.
True or False: The ‘flow phase’ occurs after the ‘ebb phase’ and is associated with increased metabolic activity.
True
What are the two main phases of the metabolic response to injury?
The ebb phase and the flow phase.
Fill in the blank: During the flow phase, there is an increase in ________ to support healing.
energy expenditure
What type of metabolic changes occur in response to severe trauma?
Increased gluconeogenesis and lipolysis.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following substrates is primarily utilized during the metabolic response to injury? A) Carbohydrates B) Fats C) Proteins D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the impact of stress hormones on metabolism during injury?
Stress hormones promote catabolism and mobilization of energy stores.
True or False: The metabolic response to injury can lead to muscle wasting.
True
What role does insulin play during the metabolic response to injury?
Insulin sensitivity decreases, which affects glucose metabolism.
Fill in the blank: The metabolic response to injury is often accompanied by ________ and ________.
inflammation; infection
What is a potential long-term consequence of an exaggerated metabolic response to injury?
Increased risk of malnutrition and delayed wound healing.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following interventions can help manage the metabolic response to injury? A) Nutritional support B) Fluid resuscitation C) Both A and B
C) Both A and B
What is the relationship between the severity of injury and metabolic response?
The severity of injury is directly proportional to the intensity of the metabolic response.
True or False: The metabolic response to injury only affects the local area of injury.
False
What role does the liver play in the metabolic response to injury?
The liver is involved in the production of acute phase proteins and glucose.
Fill in the blank: ________ is a key factor in determining the metabolic response to injury.
Timing of the injury
