Metabolism and TCA/Krebs/CAC

Question 1

– A central theme in biochemistry which keeps the cells & organisms alive
– It gives the energy to carry on & the building blocks required for growth & multiplication

Answer 1

Metabolism

Question 2

degradative – turning down

Answer 2

Catabolic

Question 3

synthetic – synthesis

Answer 3

Anabolic

Question 4

Central hub (para magamit for energy)

Answer 4

Kreb’s cycle (citric acid cycle)

Question 5

Ultimate product of nutrient metabolism

Answer 5

ATP

Question 6

means splitting

Answer 6

Lysis

Question 7

means building up

Answer 7

Genesis

Question 8

break down of proteins

Answer 8

Proteolysis

Question 9

break down of carbohydrates

Answer 9

Glycolysis

Question 10

Glucose starting point

Answer 10

Glucogenesis

Question 11

Non glucose sources

Answer 11

Gluconeogenesis

Question 12

degrading of fats

Answer 12

lipolysis

Question 13

building up of fats

Answer 13

lipogenesis

Question 14

Reducing powers (catabolic reaction) and how many ATP would it produce

Answer 14

NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide + hydrogen) (3 ATPs)
FADH2 (flavin adenine dinucleotide + H) (2 ATPs)

Question 15

synthesis of small molecules

Answer 15

Anabolic metabolism

Question 16

Catabolic reactions: (3)

Answer 16

Production of ATP
Production of reducing power (NADH)
Regeneration of building blocks for anabolic metabolism

Question 17

Anabolic reactions: (2)

Answer 17

Synthesis of small molecules & building blocks that aren’t sufficiently avail in food
Synthesis of macromolecules (proteins & nuclei acids)

Question 18

Glucose to 2 pyruvate or pyruvic acid

Answer 18

glycolysis

Question 19

pyruvic acid to glucose

Answer 19

gluconeogenesis

Question 20

glucose to glycogen

Answer 20

glycogenesis

Question 21

glycogen to glucose

Answer 21

glycogenolysis

Question 22

Triacylglycerol to fatty acid + glycerol

Answer 22

Lipolysis

Question 23

fatty acid + glycerol to TAGs

Answer 23

lipogenesis

Question 24

storage form of glucose

Answer 24

glycogen

Question 25

storage form of fats

Answer 25

triglyceride

Question 26

Product of glycolysis

Answer 26

2 Pyruvate

Question 27

6 carbon molecule

Answer 27

Glucose

Question 28

reduction is gaining

Answer 28

RIG

Question 29

oxidation is losing

Answer 29

OIL

Question 30

what part of the cell does glycolysis happen

Answer 30

Cytoplasm

Question 31

what part of the cell does kreb's cycle,CAC happen

Answer 31

Mitochondria and matrix parts: cristae, outer, inner, intermembrane

Question 32

which part of the cel does ETC happen

Answer 32

mitcohondria

Question 33

1 mol of glucose produces how many mol of pyruvate

Answer 33

2

Question 34

TCA Cycle/Krebs/CAC 1 pyruvate mol will be converted to _____ Aerobic cycle (prep stage)

Answer 34

Acetyl-CoA

Question 35

In conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA, what enzyme and reducing powers are involved? (prep stage)

Answer 35

Enzyme: pyruvate dehydrogenase 2NAD+ is converted to 2NADH +CO2

Question 36

in 1st step CAC, acetyl coA will react with ____ to be converted to _____. what enzyme is involved?

Answer 36

oxaloacetate citrate citrate synthase

Question 37

in CAC 2nd step, from citrate it will be converted to ____ (cis-aconitase). what enzyme is involved?

Answer 37

D- isocitrate aconitase

Question 38

3rd step d-isocitrate will be converted to _____. what reducing powers and enzyme are involved?

Answer 38

alpha-ketoglutarate isocitrate dehydrogenase 2NAD >>> 2NADH +CO2

Question 39

4th step alpha ketoglutarate will be converted to ____. what enzyme and reducing powers are invloved?

Answer 39

Succinyl CoA alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase 2NAD >>> 2NADH + CO2

Question 40

5th from succinyl coa, it will be converted to ____. what enzyme is involved? in this case how many ATP will be produced and by what?

Answer 40

Succinate succinyl CoA synthase 1 ATP is produced by GTP

Question 41

6th succinate>>> ___. enzyme involved? QH2 will be converted to ___. how many cycles?

Answer 41

fumrate sucunate dehydrogenase FADH2 x 2(cycles)

Question 42

7th fumrate >>> ___. enzyme involved?

Answer 42

malate fumrase

Question 43

8th malate>>>____. enzyme involved? Reducing powers involved?

Answer 43

oxaloacetate malate dehydrogenase NAD>>>2NADH

Question 44

net reaction of krebs/TCA/CAC

Answer 44

3 NADH = 6 1 FADH = 2 1 GTP = 2 2 CO2 = 4 since 2 cycles ito

Question 45

Ultimate electron acceptor

Answer 45

Oxygen

Question 46

what decreases if you do fasting

Answer 46

glucagon

Question 47

tumataas ang ___ after kumain

Answer 47

insulin

Question 48

% energy metabolism, protein

Answer 48

10-15%

Question 49

where does products of aa land

Answer 49

liver

Question 50

aa fate in liver (3)

Answer 50

glycogen, protein synthesis, glucose/FA

Question 51

what do you call the conversion of acetyl coA → FA → for energy? what aa are involved

Answer 51

Ketogenic lysine & leucine

Question 52

amino acids convertible to glucose

Answer 52

Glucogenic