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Biology: The Organism > Metabolism terms, Glycolysis, Pyruvate Oxydation > Flashcards

Metabolism terms, Glycolysis, Pyruvate Oxydation Flashcards

1
Q

Catabolic pathways

A

Products have less energy

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2
Q

Anabolic pathways

A

Products have more energy

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3
Q

ATP full name

A

Adenosine triphosphate

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4
Q

ATP components

A

Triphosphate - Ribose sugar - Adenine

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5
Q

What processes use ATP?

A

Chemical, transport, mechanical

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6
Q

Cellular respiration with glucose

A

C⁶H¹²O⁶ + 6 O² –> 6 CO² + 6 H²O + Energy

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7
Q

Redox reaction

A

Transfer of electrons during chemical reactions

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8
Q

Oxidation

A

Substance loses electrons

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9
Q

Reduction

A

Substance gains electrons (charge is reduced)

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10
Q

Metabolic pathway

A

Multiple steps, each catalyzed by an enzyme

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11
Q

ADP full name

A

Adenosine Diphosphate

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12
Q

Cellular Respiration

A

Organic molecules broken down to get energy

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13
Q

Respiratory exchange

A

Exchange of gasses (O² and CO²) between organism and enviroment

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14
Q

Aerobic

A

Requires O², get ATP

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15
Q

Anaerobic: Anaerobic respiration

A

Similar to aerobic respiration, uses something else in place of oxygen

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16
Q

Fermentation

A

Only glycolosis, no oxygen

17
Q

Cellular respiration with glucose equastion

A

C⁶H¹²O⁶ + 6 O² –> 6 CO² + 6 H²O + Energy (ATP + Heat)

18
Q

NAD: + or not? And what does it turn into

A

NAD+
NADH

19
Q

FAD: + or not? And what does it turn into

A

FAD
FADH²

20
Q

Enzyme that reduces NAD+ and oxidizes NADH

A

Dehydrogenase

21
Q

NAD+ and NADH components

A

Nicotinamide
Sugar
Phosphate
Phosphate Adenine
Sugar

22
Q

4 main stages of Cellular Respiration

A

Glycolysis, Pyruvate Oxidation, Citric acid cycle, Oxidative Phosphorylation

23
Q

Enzyme transfers phosphate to an ADP to make ATP

A

Substrate-level Phosphorylation

24
Q

Glycolysis Energy investment Phase 1

A

Glucose –(2 ATP put in)–> Fructose-1, 6-biphosphate (P-cccccc-P)

25
Q

Glycolysis Energy investment Phase 2

A

Fructose-1, 6-biphosphate –(Cleaved)–> Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

26
Q

P-ccc

A

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate

27
Q

ccc-P

A

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

28
Q

P-cccccc-P

A

Fructose-1, 6-biphosphate

29
Q

Glycolysis: Energy Payoff

A

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate and Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + 2P
To
4 ATP, 2 NADH+H+, 2 Pyruvic Acid

30
Q

Glycolysis results per Glucose

A

2 Pyruvic Acid
2 ATP
2 NADH

31
Q

Pyruvate Oxydation turns Pyruvate into…

A

Acetyl CoA

32
Q

3 steps of Pyruvate Oxidation

A
  1. Decarboxylation (CO² removed)
  2. Oxidation (NAD+ to NADH + H+)
  3. Coenzyme A added
33
Q

Pyruvate Oxidation Rezults (1 glucose)

A

2 CO²
2 NADH
2 Acetyl CoA

34
Q

Part of NAD+ and NADH that makes it stand out

A

Nicotinamide

Biology: The Organism (18 decks)

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