metallic and ionic bonds

Question 1

Metallic bonding structure:

Answer 1

Positive ions surrounded by a ‘sea’ of delocalised electrons.Strong attraction between ions and delocalised electrons.

Question 2

Giant Ionic Structure:

Answer 2

Regular 3D arrangement of positive and negative ions.Strong electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 3

Simple covalent structure:

Answer 3

Discrete molecules with weak forces between molecules.Strong bonds between atoms, electrons are shared

Question 4

Giant covalent structure:

Answer 4

Repeating 3D or 2D structures with strong bonds between atoms. Strong bonds between atoms and electrons are shared.

Question 5

Ionic bonding properties:

Answer 5

High melting points, always solid at room temp
Conduct electricity only when molten and in solution
brittle

Question 6

Metallic Bonding properties:

Answer 6

Mostly high melting points, almost all are solids at room temp
Conduct electricity
Malleable, ductile
conducts heat
lustre

Question 7

explanation of Ionic bonding properties Melting point

Answer 7

Melting point-Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points =A large amount of energy is needed to separate the ions

Question 8

explanation of Ionic bonding properties Hardness

Answer 8

Hardness-Ionic compounds are hard=The surface of the crystal is not easily scratched due to the strong ionic bond holding the ions together

Question 9

explanation of Ionic bonding properties lustre

Answer 9

lustre-Ionic compounds do not have lustre or are not shiny=There are no free electrons moving in the structure to reflect light as they are involved in the strong electrostatic ionic bonds (unlike metals!)

Question 10

explanation of Ionic bonding properties Electrical conductivity

Answer 10

Electrical conductivity-
Ionic compounds will not conduct electricity in the solid form=The charged particles (ions) are not able to move

Will conduct electricity when molten (or melted) =In the molten solution, oppositely charged ions are able to slide past one another and will therefore be able to conduct electricity

Will conduct electricity in an aqueous solution (dissolved in water).=When an ionic substance is dissolved in water, the ions dissociate from the lattice and can move freely to conduct an electric current. The solution is called an electrolyte

Question 11

explanation of Ionic bonding properties Malleability, ductility

Answer 11

Malleability, ductility-Ionic compounds are brittle (not malleable or ductile)=Distortion of the crystal causes ions of like charge to come close together and the repulsion between these ions breaks or shatters the crystal

Question 12

formation of ionic compounds=

Answer 12

metal atoms donate one or more electrons to non-metal this is called electron transfer. non metal gain metal lose