Metallurgy Of Nickel

Question 1

Percentage of Chromium that makes Stainless steel corrosion resistant, and have bright silvery appearance

Answer 1

10.5%

Question 2

Component that stabilizes authentic structure of steel

Answer 2

Nickel

Question 3

Properties of stainless steel when Nickel is added

Answer 3

High tensile strength, high ductility, low yield stress

Question 4

Physical Characteristics of Pure Nickel metal

Answer 4

Lustrous, silvery-white, hard, malleable, and ductile

Question 5

Natural Forms of Nickel

Answer 5

• Laterite
• Pentlandite
• Millerite
• Nickeline/ Niccolite
• Nickel Glance

Question 6

Oxide form of Nickel

Answer 6

Laterite

Question 7

Sulfide form of Nickel

Answer 7

Millerite

Question 8

Mineral consisting mainly of iron-nickel sulfide

Answer 8

Pentlandite

Question 9

Mineral consisting primarily of nickel arsenide

Answer 9

Nickeline / Niccolite

Question 10

Nickel arsenic sulfide mineral

Answer 10

GERSDORFFITE / Nickel Glance

Question 11

Top 5 Most Abundant Element by Mass

Answer 11

1. Iron
2. Oxygen
3. Silicon
4. Magnesium
5. Nickel

Question 12

60% of the Nickel is found in _ while the rest is found in _.

Answer 12

• Laterite
• sulfide deposits

Question 13

Types of Nickel Ore

Answer 13

• Nickel Sulfide Ore
• Nickel Oxide Ore

Question 14

Process in formation of volcanic material

Answer 14

Volcanic material -> Sulfidation in magma -> Nickel Sulfide Ore

Question 15

Process of formation of laterite from parent rock by extended weathering

Answer 15

Lateritization

Question 16

Zones/Types of laterite levels

Answer 16

• Limonite
• Saprolite

Question 17

Zone of laterite where iron is high and Nickel, Magnesium, and Silicate is low

Answer 17

Limonite

Question 18

Zone of laterite where iron is low and nickel, magnesium, silicate

Answer 18

Saprolite

Question 19

Color of saprolite zone

Answer 19

Greenish-yellowish, clayey

Question 20

Color of limonite zone

Answer 20

Reddish-yellowish

Question 21

Layer where serpentinized peridotite and dunite

Answer 21

Bed Rock Zone

Question 22

Areas where nickel oxide deposits are found

Answer 22

Tropical areas

Question 23

Types of Ore Treatment

Answer 23

• Pyrometallurgy
• Hydrometallurgy

Question 24

Extraction and refinery of ores using high energy input

Answer 24

Pyrometallurgy

Question 25

Involves the use of aqueous chemistry for the recovery of metals from ores, concentrates, and recycled or residual materials.

Answer 25

Hydrometallurgy

Question 26

Treatment of Laterite Ores and Their Respective Types

Answer 26

1. Iron-Nickel Process - Pyrometallurgy 2. HPAL Process - Hydrometallurgy 3. Utility Nickel Process - Both

Question 27

Advantages of HPAL

Answer 27

- Applied to low-grade laterites - Much acid is regenerated - >95% can be separated - Energy Intensive Process

Question 28

Applications of Nickel

Answer 28

- Stainless steel - Super alloys - Other Alloys - Battery - Catalysts - Colorant - Electronics - Others

Question 29

Disadvantage of HPAL

Answer 29

- Not economical to saprolite - Corrosive to equipment and requires maintenance - Excess free acid needs neutralization