Metals Flashcards
(36 cards)
What do metals always conduct?
Electricity and heat
All metals are solid at room temperature except one. Which metal?
Mercury
What are methods used to extract metals from their ores dependent on?
The position of the metal in the reactivity series.
What can be used to show rusting occurring?
Ferroxyl indicator
Certain metals are used to protect iron from rusting. What is the use of certain metals related to?
Their relative position to iron in the electrochemical series.
What happens when different metals are connected by an electrolyte?
An electric current flows from one metal to the other through connecting wires.
What is an alloy?
And alloy is a mixture of elements, one of which has to be a metal.
What is metallic bonding?
The electrostatic force of attraction between positively charged ions and delocalised electrons.
Why are metallic elements conductors of electricity?
Because they contain delocalised electrons.
Metal + oxygen –> _________
Metal oxide
Metal + water –> _____ + _____
Metal hydroxide + hydrogen
Metal + dilute acid –> ______ + _______
Salt + hydrogen
How are metals used to produce soluble salts?
- excess metal is added to the appropriate acid
- the mixture is filtered
- the filtrate is evaporated to dryness (salt)
What is a reduction reaction?
Reduction is a gain of electrons.
What is an oxidation reaction?
Oxidation is a loss of electrons.
What is a redox reaction?
When reduction and oxidation take place at the same time.
What happens to metal ions during the extraction of metals?
Metal ions are reduced forming metal atoms.
What does the metal used to extract a metal from its ore depend on?
The position of the metal in the reactivity series.
What are the methods used for extracting metals from their ores?
- Electrolysis
- Heating with carbon or carbon monoxide
- Heat alone
What method is used to extract the most reactive metals from their ores?
Electrolysis
Why is electrolysis used to extract the most reactive metals from ores?
Because the ores are very stable so high energy is required to extract the metal.
What method is used to extract medium reactivity metals from their ores?
Heating with carbon or carbon monoxide.
Why is heating with carbon or carbon monoxide used to extract medium reactivity metals from their ores?
The ores are fairly stable, need more than just heat to extract the metal.
Why is heating alone used to extract unreactive metals from their ores?
The ores are unstable, does not need much energy to extract the metal.
