Metals and Corrosion

Question 1

Where abouts are the elements on the periodic table?

Answer 1

Metal elements are on the left side (left of the zig zag) of the periodic table.

Question 2

What does malleable mean?

Answer 2

The ability of a metal to be formed into a variety of shapes by hammering it or rolling in into thin sheets.

Question 3

Which metal is the most malleable?

Answer 3

Gold (Au)

Question 4

How/where is the malleability of a metal beneficial?

Answer 4

manufactoring items like foil, coins, jewelry

Question 5

Where are metals used because of their strength?

Answer 5

High rise buildings, bridge construction, vehicles, tools, pipes, rail road tracks

Question 6

What are the 5 strongest metals?

Answer 6

Tunsseen, Steel, Chrominum, Titanium, Iron

Question 7

Where are metals used because of their electrical conductivity?

Answer 7

Electrical lining, batteries, electrical circuits, hearing aids

Question 8

Which 3 metals are the best conductors of electricity?

Answer 8

Silver, Copper, Gold

Question 9

Which 3 metals are the best conductors of heat?

Answer 9

Copper, Aluminium, Brass

Question 10

What are Alloys?

Answer 10

An Alloy is made to improve the properties of the metal

Question 11

How is steel formed?

Answer 11

It is formed when iron is mixed with a small amount of carbon

Question 12

Description of Gold?

Answer 12

Gold is a valuable metal used to make among other things jewellery.

Question 13

What are some metals added to gold to make an alloy?

Answer 13

zinc, nickel, iron, cadninm, aluminium, silver, platinum, pallielum

Question 14

What evidence is there that a chemical reaction was taking place in the magnesium, zinc and copper with acid?

Answer 14

The magnesium produced lots of bubbles very quickly. There was also an energy change as the tube got warmer (exothermic reaction).

Question 15

Which element does Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) contain lots of?

Answer 15

Oxygen

Question 16

How does oxygen help Potassium permanganate become a metal oxide?

Answer 16

When it is heated it releases the oxygen which then passes over the hot metal forming a metal oxide.

Question 17

What is the word equation for the reaction of iron with oxygen?

Answer 17

Iron + Oxygen -> Iron oxide

Question 18

What happened when Iron reacted with Oxygen?

Answer 18

nothing

Question 19

What happened when Zinc reacted with Oxygen?

Answer 19

A white light was produced
The metal glowed red

Question 20

What happened when Magnesium reacted with Oxygen?

Answer 20

A bright white light was produced
The metal glowed red

Question 21

What is a metal ore?

Answer 21

A metal ore is a naturally occuring metal compound

Question 22

What is the name of a Magnetite in a metal compound?

Answer 22

Iron Oxide

Question 23

What is the name of a Haematite in a metal compound?

Answer 23

Ferric Oxide

Question 24

What is the name of a Bauxite in a metal compound?

Answer 24

Aluminium Oxide

Question 25

What is the name of a Galena in a metal compound?

Answer 25

Lead Sulfide

Question 26

What is the name of a Malachite in a metal compound?

Answer 26

Copper carbonate hydroxide

Question 27

What are the 2 most common ways you can extract metals from their ore?

Answer 27

- Heating the metal ore with Carbon - Electrolysis of a metal compound (splitting the compound using electricity)

Question 28

What is the link between a metals reactivity and its date of discovery?

Answer 28

The earlier the date of discovery, the less reactive the metal

Question 29

How does corrosion occur?

Answer 29

Corrosion occurs when the metal reacts with other elements, often oxygen, to form compounds

Question 30

What does corrosion do to the metal?

Answer 30

Corrosion weakens the metals and destroys its metallic lustre (less shiny)

Question 31

What is the words used for the corrosion of Iron?

Answer 31

rust

Question 32

How does rust form?

Answer 32

Rust forms when iron reacts with oxygen to form iron oxide

Question 33

What does added boiling water do in an experiment?

Answer 33

It removes the oxygen inside

Question 34

What is a controlled experiment?

Answer 34

A controlled experiment is not treating it with anything

Question 35

What is another method of protecting against rust?

Answer 35

Sacraficial protection

Question 36

What does sacraficial protection involve?

Answer 36

It involves attaching the iron to another metal

Question 37

What is galvanising?

Answer 37

The process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron to prevent rust. It provides a physical barrier to oxygen and water.

Question 38

Why are metals often mixed?

Answer 38

To form alloys

Question 39

What does Anhydrous mean?

Answer 39

It has no water inside

Question 40

When the nail was exposed to both water and air what was the observation?

Answer 40

There is rust present

Question 41

When the nail was exposed to boiled water and a layer of oil what was the observation?

Answer 41

Slight rusting- less than tube A

Question 42

When the nail was exposed to Calcium Chloride what was the observation?

Answer 42

No rust

Question 43

When the nail was exposed to Salt Solution (sodium chloride) what was the observation?

Answer 43

Lots of rusting

Question 44

When the nail was exposed to Vaseline and Water what was the observation?

Answer 44

No rust on areas covered in Vaseline. Lots of rust where no Vaseline

Question 45

What was the purpose of the boiled water and oil in test tube B?

Answer 45

To remove the oxygen and any microbes from the water that may cause rusting. The oil prevented any more oxygen diffusing into the water.

Question 46

What was the purpose of the calcium chloride in test tube C?

Answer 46

To absorb any water from the tube/air

Question 47

What does the nail investigation show?

Answer 47

In order to rust, iron needs both water and oxygen. This is shown as the most rusting occurred when both of these were available. Additionally, salt increase how quickly iron rusts.

Question 48

How can you add a physical barrier to protect metals from corrosion?

Answer 48

You can paint/coat it with another material such as grease. (physical protection)

Question 49

How did the ferroxyl indicator show that rust was present in the nail experiment?

Answer 49

The ferroxyl indicator, turns blue where rust is present

Question 50

Which metals prevent iron from rusting?

Answer 50

Aluminium, Magnesium. These metals are ABOVE iron in the reactivity series

Question 51

Which metals offered no protection from rust?

Answer 51

Copper, Lead. They are BELOW iron in the reactivity series

Question 52

How would you select a metal to attach iron, to prevent it from rusting?

Answer 52

It's important to choose a metal that is higher up the reactivity series than Iron. The higher up, the greater the protection for Iron

Question 53

What is the observation for the aluminium wrapped around the nail?

Answer 53

Less blue than having no metal

Question 54

What is the observation for the magnesium wrapped around the nail?

Answer 54

very little/no blue

Question 55

What is the observation for the copper wrapped around the nail?

Answer 55

lots of blue

Question 56

What is the observation for the lead wrapped around the nail?

Answer 56

a little blue., more than if no metal

Question 57

What is the observation for no metal wrapped around the nail?

Answer 57

A little blue at the ends of the nail