Metals And Their Extraction

Question 1

HOW DO YOU EXTRACT A METAL FROM ITS ORE?

Answer 1

Oxygen must me removes from the metal oxide

Question 2

WHAT IS THE REMOVAL OF OXYGEN FROM A COMPOUND?

Answer 2

Reduction

Question 3

WHAT IS THE GAIN OF OXYGEN IN A COMPOUND?

Answer 3

Oxydation

Question 4

WHAT IS THE PRINCIPLE OF METAL DISPLACEMENT REACTIONS?

Answer 4

More reactive metal displaces less reactive one

Question 5

WHAT DO METALS COMPETE FOR?

Answer 5

Oxygen - more reactive metal always wins

Question 6

WHAT ARE THE THREE RAW MATERIALS PUT INTO THE BLAST FURNACE?

Answer 6

• Iron ore (Fe2O3)

• Coke (C)

• Limestone (CaCO3)

Question 7

WHAT IS THE FIRST EQUATION TO HAPPEN IN THE BLAST FURNACE?

Answer 7

C + O2 —> CO2 (exothermic)

Question 8

WHAT IS THE SECOND EQUATION TO HAPPEN IN THE BLAST FURNACE?

Answer 8

CO2 + C —> 2CO (reducing agent)

Question 9

WHAT IS THE THIRD EQUATION TO HAPPEN IN THE BLAST FURNACE?

Answer 9

FE2O3 + 3CO —> 2FE + 3CO2

Question 10

WHAT ARE THE EQUATIONS TO RID OF IMPURITIES IN THE BLAST FURNACE?

Answer 10

1) CaCO3 —> CaO + CO2 (thermal decomposition)

2) SiO2 + CaO —> CaSiO3 (SLAG)

Question 11

WHAT ARE THE THREE TRANSITION METALS?

Answer 11

• Copper
• Iron (II)
• Iron (III)

Question 12

WHAT ARE THE TRANSITION METAL PRECIPITATE EWUATIONS?

Answer 12

1) Fe2+ + 2OH- —> Fe(OH)2

2) Fe3+ + 3OH- —> Fe(OH)3

3) Cu2+ + 2OH- —> Cu(OH)2

Question 13

WHAT DOES OIL RIG MEAN?

Answer 13

Oxidation is loss, Reduction is gain

Question 14

WHERE DO POSITIVE IONS ATTRACT TO?

Answer 14

The negative cathode

Question 15

WHERE DO NEGATIVE IONS ATTRACT TO?

Answer 15

The positive anode

Question 16

WHAT IS ELECTROLYSIS?

Answer 16

The breakdown of compounds using electricity. (Compound must be molten)

Question 17

WHAT IONS ARE ALSO PRESENT IN THE ELECTROLYSIS OF AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION?

Answer 17

H+ and OH-

Question 18

WHAT IS THE PRINCIPLE OF COLLECTION AT THE CATHODE IN AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION?

Answer 18

If positive metal ion is less reactive than hydrogen - will collect at the cathode

If positive metal is more reactive than hydrogen then H+ ions will collect at cathode.

Question 19

WHAT IS THE PRINCIPLE FOR COLLECTION AT THE ANODE IN AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION?

Answer 19

If Cl-, I-, Br- ion are present - they’ll collect at the anode

If SO4 2- is present - OH- ions will collect at the anode

Question 20

WHAT MUST ALUMINIUM BE MIXED WITH IN ITS EXTRACTION AND WHY?

Answer 20

Cryolite - Aluminium melting point is too high

Question 21

WHAT IS THE ELECTRON HALF EQUATION FOR THE FORMATION OF HYDROGEN AT THE CATHODE?

Answer 21

2H+ + 2e- —> H2

Question 22

WHAT IS THE ELECTRON HALF EQUATION FOR THE FORMATION OF THE HYDROXIDE AT THE ANODE?

Answer 22

2OH- —> O2 + 2e-

Question 23

WHAT ARE THE TWO USES FOR ELECTROLYSIS?

Answer 23

1) Electroplating - used to plate spoons in silver

2) Purification of copper