Methods of Philosophizing

Question 1

the process of doing philo in systematic
way; in pursuit of wisdom or knowledge through questioning

Answer 1

philosophizing

Question 2

Questionings (socratic method)

Answer 2

1. Is the information objective or subjective?
2. Is the idea truth or opinion?
3. Is the reasoning valid
   or invalid?

Question 3

formulating an opinion/theory
w/o fully researching

Answer 3

Speculation

Question 4

speculation comes from latin word:

Answer 4

specula

Question 5

specula means

Answer 5

watch over

Question 6

forming of a theory abt something

Answer 6

theorizing

Question 7

proposed explanation for a phenomenon

Answer 7

hypothesis

Question 8

what ifs

Answer 8

speculative thinking

Question 9

provides sound judgement, evaluation, and
decision

Answer 9

philosophy as critical thinking

Question 10

to criticize means to ‘____’ and/or to ‘____’

Answer 10

judge; analyze

Question 11

deconstruction and decoding of meaning

Answer 11

Analysis

Question 12

is the act of valuing or appraising

Answer 12

Evaluation

Question 13

Evaluation makes one a _____

Answer 13

critical thinker

Question 14

supports convictions and claims through reason and evidence

Answer 14

Argumentation

Question 15

Argumentations involves drawing a _____ from a set of reasons

Answer 15

conclusion

Question 16

statements that are verified

Answer 16

facts

Question 17

expressions of beliefs

Answer 17

opinions

Question 18

Theories of Truth

Answer 18

C.C.P

Correspondence theory
Coherence Theory
Pragmatic Theory

Question 19

a proposition is true if it relates to the facts

Answer 19

correspondence

Question 20

truth states that if a proposition coheres with all the other propositions taken to be true, then it is true

Answer 20

Coherence

Question 21

the truth of a statement can be defined in
terms of the utility of accepting it

Answer 21

Pragmatic

Question 22

use of invalid; faulty reasoning; wrong moves; in the construction of an argument

Answer 22

Fallacies

Question 23

an argument that may seem strong, but is proven wrong with reasoning and further examination

Answer 23

fallacy

Question 24

someone tries to win support for an argument or idea by exploiting his or her opponent’s pity

Answer 24

Appeal to Pity

Question 25

Appeal to Pity latin

Answer 25

Argumentum ad misericordiam

Question 26

it says that the notion is true because it has not yet been proved

Answer 26

Appeal to ignorance

Question 27

Appeal to ignorance latin

Answer 27

Argumentum ad ignoramtiam

Question 28

a proposition must be true because many or most people believe it

Answer 28

appeal to people

Question 29

appeal to people latin

Answer 29

Argumentum ad populum

Question 30

attacking the person being talked about to justify the argument about him/her

Answer 30

Against a person

Question 31

Against a person latin

Answer 31

ad hominem

Question 32

double meaning

Answer 32

equivocation

Question 33

generalization based on insufficient evidence

Answer 33

hasty generalizations

Question 34

infers that something is true of the whole from the fact that it is true of some part of the whole.

Answer 34

composition

Question 35

feature to an entire class (or whole) to the possession of the same feature by each of its individual members (or parts)

Answer 35

division

Question 36

threat of force to bring about the acceptance of a conclusion

Answer 36

Appeal to force

Question 37

Appeal to force latin

Answer 37

Argumentum ad baculum

Question 38

concluding that one thing caused another, simply because they are regularly associated

Answer 38

false cause

Question 39

false cause latin

Answer 39

post hoc

Question 40

any form of argument where the conclusion is assumed in one of the premises

Answer 40

begging the question

Question 41

begging the question latin

Answer 41

Petitio principii

Question 42

reasoner begins with what they are trying to end with

Answer 42

circular reasoning