Metronidazole

Question 1

Class

Answer 1

synthetic nitromidazole

Question 2

mechanism of action

Answer 2

inhibition DNA replication, fragment existing DNA, penetrates cells equally

Question 3

Spectrum of activity

Answer 3

obligate anaerobes, gram +ve pathogens, bacteriodes, clostridium, fusobacterum spp, prevotella, peptostrepotcoccus

Question 4

killing mechanism

Answer 4

concentration dependant

Question 5

Pharmokinetics

Answer 5

oral absorption - 100%, half life 8 hours, peak serum - 4-6.5 ug/ml

Question 6

where is it metabolised

Answer 6

liver

Question 7

metabolism reduced in?

Answer 7

severe hepatic dysfunction

Question 8

Indications

Answer 8

anaerobes suspected
acute necrotising form of gingivitis
pericoronitis
dental abscess
beta lactase producing anaerobes
alternative to penicillin (allergy)

Question 9

main adverse effects

Answer 9

Gastrointestinal, nausea, vommitting, constipation?

Question 10

main adverse effects (oral)

Answer 10

unpleasant taste, sharp metallic, furred tongue glossitis, stomatitis, candida

Question 11

resistance

Answer 11

limited

Question 12

acetaldehyde features

Answer 12

vasodilation, subjective feeling of hotness and facial flushing, increased heart, resp rate

Question 13

dose, duration and frequency

Answer 13

200-400mg, 8-12 hourly, 3-5 days, oral route

Question 14

interactions

Answer 14

warfarin, alcohol