Mexico to US migration Flashcards
(28 cards)
Mexicans are the largest immigrant group in the US
23% of 47.8 million in 2023
Mexicans leaving the US exceeded arrivals from 2005-2014
due to 2008 crisis, stronger Mexico economy, US enforcement
Percent of undocumented immigrants from Mexico in 2022
45% of 11.3 million
Where do nearly 60% of Mexican immigrants in the US live?
California or Texas
Mexican immigrant household income vs US-born
$64,000 vs $77,600
Mexican immigrants’ educational attainment compared to US-born
typically lower
Mexican immigrants’ labor force participation
more likely to be in labor force
Number of Mexican international students in US higher education 2022-23
15000
Annual remittances from US to Mexico
over $20 billion
Remittances as % of Mexico’s GDP
0.025
Rural poverty change in Mexico after NAFTA
increased from \~37% to 52% in late 1990s
Why do small Mexican farmers migrate?
low crop prices, seek better income
What worsens rural economic conditions in Mexico?
limited market access and credit
Who supports new Mexican migrants in the US?
established Mexican communities
US labor demand attracting Mexican migrants
agriculture and construction
Effect of 1986 US Immigration Reform Act
influenced migration flows
Why did net migration reverse from 2009-2014?
stricter US policies and improving Mexican economy
Cultural impact of returning migrants
bring new cultural influences to Mexico
Mexico’s remittances received in 2023
$63.3 billion
Remittances as % of global remittance flows
0.075
Number of Mexican households supported by remittances
\~4.9 million
Positive effect of remittances on Mexico
reduces poverty
Negative effect of remittances on Mexico
causes brain drain
US and Mexico economic interdependency
US needs labor, Mexico needs remittances
