MIC Flashcards

Question

WHERE IS MALARIA FOUND?

Answer 1

Transmitted in tropical & subtropical areas where : *Anopheles mosquitoes can survive & multiply *Malaria parasites can complete their growth cycle in the mosquitoes Highest transmission found in Africa (south of the Sahara) and parts of Oceania (eg. Papua New Guinea) Generally in warmer regions closer to the equator *Transmission will be more intense *Malaria is transmitted year round

Answer 2

Fbc (purple top) for thin and thick film 3 sets of blood films taken every 12-24 hours, if all 3 sets are negative, malaria can be ruled out.

Answer 3

P. falciparum (cause severe malaria) especially, may cause severe disease in the mother and foetus. *Maternal anaemia *Severe malaria in mother *Foetal loss *Premature delivery *Intrauterine growth retardation *Low-birth-weight baby

Answer 4

Scabies is an infestation of the skin by the human itch mite (Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis). The microscopic scabies mite burrows into the upper layer of the skin where it lives and lays its eggs. The most common symptoms of scabies are intense itching and a pimple-like skin rash. The scabies mite usually is spread by direct, prolonged, skin-to-skin contact with a person who has scabies. Scabies is found worldwide and affects people of all races and social classes. Scabies can spread rapidly under crowded conditions where close body and skin contact is frequent. Institutions such as nursing homes, extended-care facilities, and prisons are often sites of scabies outbreaks. Child-care facilities also are a common site of scabies infestations.

Answer 5

If a person has never had scabies before, symptoms may take 4-8 weeks to develop. It is important to remember that an infested person can spread scabies during this time, even if he/she does not have symptoms yet. In a person who has had scabies before, symptoms usually appear much sooner (1-4 days) after exposure.

Answer 6

The most common signs and symptoms of scabies are intense itching (pruritus), especially at night, and a pimple-like (papular) itchy rash. The itching and rash each may affect much of the body or be limited to common sites such as the wrist, elbow, armpit, webbing between the fingers, nipple, penis, waist, belt-line, and buttocks. The rash also can include tiny blisters (vesicles) and scales. Scratching the rash can cause skin sores; sometimes these sores become infected by bacteria. Tiny burrows sometimes are seen on the skin; these are caused by the female scabies mite tunneling just beneath the surface of the skin. These burrows appear as tiny raised and crooked (serpiginous) grayish-white or skin-colored lines on the skin surface. Because mites are often few in number (only 10-15 mites per person), these burrows may be difficult to find. They are found most often in the webbing between the fingers, in the skin folds on the wrist, elbow, or knee, and on the penis, breast, or shoulder blades. The head, face, neck, palms, and soles often are involved in infants and very young children, but usually not adults and older children. Persons with crusted scabies may not show the usual signs and symptoms of scabies such as the characteristic rash or itching (pruritus).

Answer 7

Scabies usually is spread by direct, prolonged, skin-to-skin contact with a person who has scabies. Contact generally must be prolonged; a quick handshake or hug usually will not spread scabies. Scabies is spread easily to sexual partners and household members. Scabies in adults frequently is sexually acquired. Scabies sometimes is spread indirectly by sharing articles such as clothing, towels, or bedding used by an infested person; however, such indirect spread can occur much more easily when the infested person has crusted scabies.

Answer 8

weeks of antibiotics valve surgery if: Heart failure Uncontrolled infection- persistnt sepsis/persistent bacteremia septic ....

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