Micro-Organisms - AS90927

Question 1

Inoculate

Answer 1

Inoculation is a set of methods of artificially inducing immunity against various infectious diseases. The terms inoculation, vaccination, and immunization are often used synonymously, but there are some important differences among them.

Question 2

Extracellular

Answer 2

Situated or occurring outside a cell or the cells of the body extracellular digestion extracellular enzymes.

Question 3

Digestion

Answer 3

The complex process of turning the food you eat into nutrients, which the body uses for energy, growth and cell repair needed to survive. The digestion process also involves creating waste to be eliminated

Question 4

Enzyme

Answer 4

a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms, regulating the rate at which chemical reactions proceed without itself being altered in the process. … Without enzymes, many of these reactions would not take place at a perceptible rate. Enzymes catalyze all aspects of cell metabolism.

Question 5

Parasite

Answer 5

an organism that lives in or on an organism of another species (its host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the other’s expense.

Question 6

Pathogen

Answer 6

A bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.

Question 7

Toxin

Answer 7

A poison of plant or animal origin, especially one produced by or derived from microorganisms and acting as an antigen in the body.

Question 8

Decomposer

Answer 8

An organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material.

Question 9

Aerobic

Answer 9

Relating to, involving, or requiring free oxygen.

Question 10

Anaerobic

Answer 10

Relating to or requiring an absence of free oxygen

Question 11

Hyphae

Answer 11

A long, branching filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium.1

Question 12

Binary Fission

Answer 12

the division of a single entity into two or more parts and the regeneration of those parts to separate entities resembling the original. The object experiencing fission is usually a cell, but the term may also refer to how organisms, bodies, populations, or species split into discrete parts

Question 13

Spores

Answer 13

A unit of sexual or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavorable conditions.

Question 14

Sporangium

Answer 14

An enclosure in which spores are formed. It can be composed of a single cell or can be multicellular. All plants, fungi, and many other lineages form sporangia at some point in their life cycle

Question 15

Antibiotic

Answer 15

A type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria. It is the most important type of antibacterial agent for fighting bacterial infections, and antibiotic medications are widely used in the treatment and prevention of such infections. They may either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria.

Question 16

Vaccine

Answer 16

A biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins.