Micro - Toxins/ Virulence Factors/ culture plating

Question 1

Inactivate elongation factor (EF-2)

Answer 1

Corynebacterium Dipetheriae; Pseudomonas Auerginosa

Question 2

Inactivate 60S ribosome by removing adenine from rRNA (prevent protein synthesis)

Answer 2

Shigella (shiga toxin); Enterohemorrhagic E coli (EHEC) including O157:H7 strain (shiga like toxin)

Question 3

Overactivates adenylate cyclase (inc cAMP)

Answer 3

Enterotoxigenic E. Coli (ETEC); Bacillus anthracis (edema factor); Vibrio choloreae (cholera toxin–Gs); Bordetella pertussis (pertussis toxin –disabling Gi)

Question 4

Phospholipase (lecithinase) that degrades tissue cell membranes

Answer 4

Clostridium perfingens (alpha toxin)

Question 5

Protein that degrades cell membrane (lyses RBC)

Answer 5

Streptococcus pyogenes (streptolysin O) – diagnositic for rhematic fever

Question 6

Overwhelming IFN-gamma and IL-2 activation –> shock

Answer 6

Staph aureus (TSST-1); Strep pyogenes (exotoxin A)

Question 7

Most common serotype of E. Coli causing UTI

Answer 7

K1 capsule (capsule = most important virulence factor)

Question 8

Growth at 4C selects for

Answer 8

Listeria or Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 9

Growth at 42C selects for

Answer 9

Campylobacter

Question 10

Growth on sorbitol MacConkey agar

Answer 10

Enterohemorrhagic E coli is the only E coli that can ferment sorbitol

Question 11

Erythrogenic exotoxins

Answer 11

Strep pyrogenes - extra virulence factor that contributes to scarlet fever; obtained through lysogenic conversion (phage inserted into bacterial chromosome and produces a prophage)

Question 12

Lowenstein Jensen agar

Answer 12

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 13

Cold agglutination test

Answer 13

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 14

Eosin-methylene blue agar

Answer 14

E. Coli - green metallic sheen

Question 15

Charcoal yeast agar

Answer 15

Legionella

Question 16

Tellurite agar

Answer 16

C. Diptheriae

Question 17

Chocolate agar with V&X

Answer 17

H. influenzae

Question 18

Lysogenic phage encoding bacterial toxin (x5)

Answer 18

ABCDE
shigA-like toxin
Botulinum toxin
Cholera toxin
Diptheria toxin
Erythrogenic toxin of strep pyogenes (scarlet fever)

Question 19

C. Dif toxin

Answer 19

Toxin A - entertoxin, binds to brush border of the gut. Toxin B - cytotxin, causes cytokeletal disruption via actin deploymerization –psuedomembranous colitis

Question 20

Stain acid fast

Answer 20

mycobacterium; nocardia (partially); cryptosporidium; isospora. Ziehl-Neelsen Acid fast stain

Question 21

Require cysteine to grow

Answer 21

Fracisella; brucella; legionella; pasturella

Question 22

Warthing Finkeldery giant cells

Answer 22

Measles - syncytium of lymphocytes (not macrophages as in most)

Question 23

F fusion protein found in

Answer 23

Paramyxovirus: parainfluenza, mumps, measles, RSV; helps them form multinucleated giants cells with the respiratory epithelial cells

Question 24

subacute sclerosing panencephalitis associated with

Answer 24

measles

Question 25

Elek test

Answer 25

C. Diptheria - toxin not produced until infected with a temparate phage that encodes the toxin - lysogenic conversoin. ELEK test finds the toxin (b/c C.D. is morphological similar to normal oral-pharynx flora)

Question 26

Relapsing fever

Answer 26

Boriella

Question 27

Black fly, black skin nodules, black sight...name that bug?

Answer 27

Onchocerca volvulus - river blindness.

Question 28

vitamin b12 def caused by this parasite

Answer 28

diphyllobothrium latum - tapeworm

Question 29

portal htn caused by this parasite

Answer 29

schistosoma (host=snail) (penetrates skin of human)

Question 30

3 parasites that penetrate skin of human

Answer 30

stronglyoidies, Necator americanus, schistosoma

Question 31

Hairy oral leukoplakia caused by what virus?

Answer 31

EBV

Question 32

lacy body rash (exanthema subitum)

Answer 32

HHV-6 Roseola - fever for 3 days then goes away and rash comes

Question 33

Coxiella burnetii causes what disease?

Answer 33

Q fever - high fever +/- atypical penumonia. often seen in vets and farmers. rickettsial organism.

Question 34

microaerophilic (x2)

Answer 34

campy; helio

Question 35

catalase positive (x5)

Answer 35

staph, psuedomonas, candida, aspergillus, enterobacteriaceae

Question 36

giemsa stain

Answer 36

blood protozoa (plasmodium, babesia, trypanosoma, leishmania), histo, chlamydia, rickettsiae