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(A )Urinalysis Spring > Micro UA part 1 > Flashcards

Micro UA part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Describe RBCs
size
normal amount in urine?

A

7 microns
no nucleus
normally 0-2 in urine

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2
Q

Describe Ghost cells
dilute =
membrane?
dont?

A

Dilute = cells swell and lyse
membrane intact
DONT count just note

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3
Q

What are ghost cells confused with?
y
o
a

A

Confused with yeast
oil droplets
air bubbles

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4
Q

What lyses rbcs but not yeast?

A

Acetic acid

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5
Q

Describe Hematuria

what in urine?

problems?
hpf…
chem strip?

lysed?

A

rbc in urine, presence/absence may not correlate to color

1-4/phpf but strip negative
chem strip pos but no rbc seen
(lysed hgb/mygb/rbc)

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6
Q

Crenated rbcs are mistaken for?

A

wbcs

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7
Q

Dysmorphic rbcs
cellular…..

associated with?

needs ?
rarely seen?

A

cellular profusions vary in size, fragmented

associated w/ glom bleeding

needs second tech view
rarely seen due to excersise

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8
Q

Describe WBCs
size
normal amount

A

12 microns
normal value 0-5 usually neutrophils

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9
Q

Hypertonic
cell?
doesnt?
may be negative for?

A

cell shrinks
do not release granules
may be negative for leuk. esterase on strip test

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10
Q

Hypotonic

A

cells swell, glitter cells, granules undergo brownian movement not path. significant

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11
Q

Pyuria

increased?

usually denote?
in the?

b/f
g
l
t

A

increased WBC in urine
usually denote infection/inflammation in genitourin tract

bacteria/fungi
glomeruloneph
lupus
tumors

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12
Q

Sternheimer-malbin stain color

A

pink/red

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13
Q

Mononuclear cells

common?
cells?

seen in early?

looks like?

A

less common

lymphs: resemble rbcs
seen in early stg renal transplant rejection

mono/macro/histocytes

looks like RTE cells

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14
Q

Eosinophils

primary condition
others?

not normally in?

stains?

clin significance?

A

drug induced interstitial nephritis (primary)

UTI/parasite

not normal in urine

hansel stain/wright stain

more than 1% clinically significant

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15
Q

Epithilial cells

three types?

A

line genitourinary tract

three types:
Squamous (largest)
transitional
renal tubule

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16
Q

Squamous epithelial cells
size?

nucleus?

seen on?

can?

origins?

A

largest
sediment
nucleus size of rbc
easily seen on low power 10x

can FOLD/looks like cast

Origins - linning of vagina/urethra

17
Q

Clue cells

A

squamous cells with bacteria
pathologic in large numbers, not reported in urine

bacterial vaginosis/gardinella

18
Q

Transitional cells
smaller than?
nucleus location?
defined?
numerous?

amounts?

hard to diff from?

originate in?

A

smaller than squamous
central located nucleus
well defined edge
numerous folds

Norm in small amounts: <0-2

hard to differentiate from RTE

Originate in: pelvis/top urethra

19
Q

Increased numbers of transitional cells

A

invasive urologic procedure (catheters) not pathological

abn morphology = viral infection/malignancy

20
Q

Renal tube cells
vary based on?
larger than?

shape?
nucleus?
normal range?
> =

A

vary in size based on location
larger than wbc
not round/flattened edge
eccentric nucleus
0-2 normal

> 2 damage to renal tubes

21
Q

T/F RTE reabsorb filtrates and may contain elements: bilirubin yellow: hemosiderin yellow-brown granules

A

true

22
Q

Oval fat body
RTE that has…..

highly r/p

seen among..

A

RTE that has lipids absorbed from golm. filtrate

highly refractile

highly pathogenic

seen among free fat droplets/casts

23
Q

Lipiduria

A

fat in urine

nephrotic syndrome
tube necrosis
diab mellitus
trauma bm fat
lipid storage disease

24
Q

How do you stain oval fat bodies

A

oil red O or sudan III
triglyercides/neutral fats

25
Q

Oval fat body special features

A

polarize cholesterol - characteristic maltese cross

confused w starch/crystals

26
Q

Bacteria
what stain?

A

not norm in urine
rt >2hr
should also see wbcs

Nitrite/leuk esterase

Sternheimer stain

27
Q

Yeast

hyphae appear ?

mainly?

diab
immuno
yeast

what should be present

A

small refractile oval element
budding

hyphae appear branched
(rbc lyse with acid)

mainly candida albicans
-diabetes mellitus
-immuno compromosied
-yeast infection

wbc should be present

28
Q

mucus

what type of substance where?

major consitintuent?

low?

more in?

significance?

A

protein substance prod by glands/epi cells of lower genit tract RTE

major constitnuent - tamms-horsfall

low refractile index

low light source
more in females

no clinical significance

29
Q

Sperm

shape?

motility?
significance?

increase numbers may produce?

consquences?

A

oval slightly tapered head long tail
not motile (urine toxic)
not clin significant

inc may produce “pos” protein (sometimes only reported when this happens)

legal consequences sometimes possible

(A )Urinalysis Spring (9 decks)

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