MICROBES Flashcards
(126 cards)
1
Q
Any living creature that is small and you cant see with your eyes is known as a
A
MICROBE
2
Q
The six most common types of microbes are
A
Bacteria Virus Fungus Protozoa Algae Archaea
3
Q
Organisms made of one cell are known as
A
Unicellular organisms
4
Q
Are Bacteria unicellular organisms
A
Yes
5
Q
There are more bacteria on earth than any other life for, is this statement true
A
Yes
6
Q
The smallest microbes are
A
Virus
7
Q
Can a Fungus be Unicellular or multicellular
A
Yes
8
Q
Other than plants, name a organism that uses the green pigment chlorophyll
A
Algae
9
Q
Name the microbe that looks a lot like bacteria but behaves in a different way
A
Archaea
10
Q
Name the microbe that can survive in extreme environments like very hot places or strong acids
A
Archaea
11
Q
The tool which uses curved glass lenses to make things look bigger is a
A
Microscope
12
Q
Viruses are too small to be seen using a regular microscope, we can see them using a
A
Electron Microscope.
13
Q
A regular microscope uses a beam of light to see objects, but a electron microscope uses What ?
A
A beam of electrons
14
Q
Scientists make bacteria grow in special plates called as
A
Petri Dish
15
Q
A Petri Dish is filled with a nutrient filled jelly called as
A
Agar
16
Q
Microbes that can make people sick is known as
A
Germs
17
Q
About how many cells make up the human body
A
30 trillion cells
18
Q
What is the basic unit of every living creature
A
Cell
19
Q
The three parts which are common in every living cell are
A
Cytoplasm
DNA
Cell membrane
20
Q
The jelly like substance that fills the inside of the cell is called
A
CYTOPLASM
21
Q
The structure that holds the cell together and allows chemicals to move in and out of the cells is the
A
CELL MEMBRANE
22
Q
The big molecule in the nucleus that tells cells how to grow and behave is the
A
DNA
23
Q
Some bacteria have tails which help them swim and move, this tail is known as a
A
FLAGELLUM
24
Q
Bacteria that are round or oval in shape and appear like balls are known as
A
COCCI
25
Bacteria that are shaped like rods are called
Bacilli
26
Bacteria that are long and twisty, and shaped like a cockscrew are known as
Spirilla
27
Floating in the cytoplasm are little round molecules that are able to read the DNA, these molecules are called as
RIBOSOMES
28
The first step in the doubling of a cell is
It copies the DNA
29
How much of bacteria does a person carry on himself
2 Kgs
30
Where are the places we can find the bacteria
```
Air
Soil
Rocks
Oceans
Home
You
```
31
How is the bacteria in the soil helpful
The bacteria from the soil can turn nitrogen from the air into useful fertilisers for the plants. This is known as the NITROGEN CYCLE
32
There are more bacteria cells on our bodies than human cells, is this statement true
YES
33
When living organisms produce their own light, this phenomenon is known as
BIOLUMINESCENCE
34
Name this bioluminiscent Squid
Bobtail Squid
35
How does the Bobtail squid light up on its own
They have special bacteria, that make chemicals that helps the quid to light up
36
Name this mushroom that glows in the dark
FOXFIRE MUSHROOM
37
Name this fish that have glowing bacteria on their head
Female angler fish
38
Most of the bacteria in your body is found in the
GUT
39
In the small intestine long food molecules are cut into smaller size by special snippers called
Enzymes
40
The large molecules like OLIGOSACCHARIDES cannot be cut by enzymes in the small intestine. they are broken down by bacteria in the
Large Intestine
41
The bacteria in the large intestine break down large molecules like oligosaccharides into two gases, name them
Hydrogen and Methane
42
Name a disease that can spread very fast if drinking water is not clean
CHOLERA
43
What does a human suffer from when he gets CHOLERA
DIARRHOEA
44
Who in ENGLAND first discovered that cholera is spread through contaminated water
John Snow
45
The little holes in your skin are known as
FOLLICLE
46
The biggest organ in the body is the
SKIN
47
The blood in your body flows through a system of tubes called
Arteries and Veins
48
Is having a fever good for your body
Yes
49
Why is having a fever good for our bodies
During fever the temperature of the body rises and this helps to fight germs
50
This special type of white blood cell that engulfs germs and tears them apart is
MACROPHAGE
51
What is Hay Fever
Allergy to pollen is HAY FEVER
52
Who discovered the antibiotic Penicillin
Alexander Fleming
53
The mould from which Penicillin is obtained is called
Penicillium Notatum
54
Some bacteria have crystals of magnet inside them, They are called
MAGNETOTACTIC BACTERIA
55
This bacteria grow little hairs that act like wires. The Hairs pull electricity in and push it out. Name this bacteria
SHEWANELLA BACTERIA
56
This bacteria is three times stronger and stickier than SUPER GLUE
CAULOBACTER CRESCENTUS
57
The pancreas makes an important chemical in the body called
INSULIN
58
How does the chemical INSULIN help the body
It keeps the sugar levels in the blood normal
59
When pancreas cant make enough insulin in the body, people get a disease called
Diabetes
60
Can a bacteria be used to make INSULIN
YES
61
Name the bacteria that is used to name INSULIN
E. COLI
62
Name the technology where INSULIN is made using bacteria
Recombinant DNA Technology
63
Can Viruses make copies of themselves and reproduce without help
NO
64
The most common Flu virus is the
Rhino Virus
65
Name the virus that can infect the bacteria
Bacteriophage
66
The shell of the virus is called the
CAPSID
67
Name this virus whose shell is shaped like 20 triangles arranged into a ball
ADENOVIRUS
68
This virus is shaped like a curly tube and is very deadly
EBOLA VIRUS
69
The special white blood cells that can remember a previous infection are known as
Memory Cells
70
Diseases that can jump from an animal to a human is known as
Zoonotic Disease
71
Name four zoonotic diseases that you have read about
Avian Flu
West Nile Fever
Ebola
Cat Scratch Disease
72
Scientists believe that the EBOLA VIRUS comes from ?
BATS
73
Is Cat Scratch Disease a bacterial or a Viral disease
Bacterial disease
74
How is RABIES spread
Through the bite of a DOG
75
After being bitten by a RABID DOG, in which part of the body does the Rabies Virus settle
BRAIN
76
To be called a fungus, the microbes cell wall must be made of a material called ?
CHITIN
77
Name this fungal infection of the foot
ATHLETES FOOT
78
Is YEAST a fungus?
YES
79
Crab shells and insects exoskeletons are made of a substance called ?
CHITIN
80
At home where does mould usually grow
Around Taps and other damp spots
81
The medicine used to fight bacteria are known as
Antibiotics
82
A scientist who studies bacteria is known as
BACTERIOLOGIST
83
The layer that holds the cell together and allows substances to move in and out of the cell is called the
CELL MEMBRANE
84
The chemical used for photosynthesis
CHLOROPHYLL
85
The extra layer of protection around some cell membranes is called
CELL WALL
86
A type of Algae made of only one cell is called
DIATOM
87
A chemical that breaks down large molecules onto smaller molecules is called
ENZYMES
88
The process by which microbes change sugars into other substances is called
FERMENTATION
89
The tail some microbes have to help them move is called
FLAGELLUM
90
The microbes that reproduce by making and spreading spores is called
FUNGI
91
The types of protozoa with long flagellum are called
FLAGELLATES
92
These thread like strands of the fungus are known as
Hyphae
93
The ARCHAEA that can survive in very high temperatures like those near underwater vents are called
HYPERTHERMOPHILES
94
The system through which an organism gets rid of invaders like Germs
IMMUNE SYSTEM
95
A chemical that balances the level of sugar in an organisms blood
Pancreas
96
A white blood cell that remembers an infection after it is gone
MEMORY CELL
97
The science of micro organisms
MICROBIOLOGY
98
Type of a fuzzy fungus that grows in moist places like on rotting food
MOULD
99
The scientific name for any living creature
ORGANISM
100
The process of heating substances such as milk, to kill any germs living inside
PASTEURIZATION
101
The antibiotic substance produced by a mould
PENICILLIN
102
The act of one cell eating another, such as how macrophages eats germs
PHAGOCYTOSIS
103
The process by which plants and algae take in energy from the SUN
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
104
These little hairs on the outside of some bacteria used to attach to some surfaces
PILI
105
The process how one organism makes more organisms
REPRODUCTION
106
These balls of spores on a Fungus are called as
SPORANGIA
107
The process of cleaning objects such as surgical tools
STERILIZATION
108
Name this Zombie-Ant Fungus
OPHIOCORDYCEPS UNILATERALIS
109
He is known as the Father of Microbiology
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
110
The first Virus ever discovered was
TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS
111
He discovered the bacteria that causes Tuberculosis
ROBERT KOCH
112
Name this Virus that is 10 times bigger than the cold Virus
MIMI VIRUS
113
Who first discovered the MIMI VIRUS
DIDIER RAOULT
114
Animals that are very small to see with the naked eye and can be seen only with a microscope are called as
MICRO ANIMALS
115
The group of animal that include Copepods, Crabs and Shrimps are called as
CRUSTACEANS
116
Name this micro animal that can be found on human eyelashes
DEMODEX
117
90 % of animals on the ocean floor are tiny creatures called
NEMATODE WORMS
118
Name four micro animals that you have come across
DEMODEX
NEMATODE WORM
TARDIGRADE
COPEPOD
119
These micro animals are known for their appearance and their ability to survive in extreme environments.
TARDIGRADE
120
Tardigrades are also known as
Water Bears
Space Bears
Water Piglets
121
Are PROTOZOA, unicellular or multi cellular
Unicellular
122
The Three main types of Protozoa are
AMOEBA
CILIATES
FLAGELLATES
123
The biggest single celled organism is
AMOEBA
| It can grow upto 20 cms across
124
Does ARCHAEA cause any disease
NO
125
About half of the oxygen that we breathe is made by
ALGAE
126
When algae take over a pond, a lake or even a large area of the ocean they are known as
ALGAL BLOOMS
