Microbes Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are the 3 types of microbes?
-Bacteria
-Viruses
-Fungi
how small are viruses?
viruses are tiny, only a millionth of a millimetre across
How small are bacteria?
Bacteria are a thousandth of a millimetre across
How small are fungi?
Fungi can either be very small or very large
what is the structure of fungi?
Living cells with nuclei, sometimes joined with long strands of hyphae
What is the structure of a virus?
A strand of genetic information surrounded by a protein coat. They are non-living.
what is the structure of bacteria?
Living cells without nuclei, but containing loops of genetic information
How do harmful viruses make you ill?
They invade your cells making billions of copies of themselves destroying cells in the process
how do harmful bacteria make you ill?
they multiply quickly and release poisons which attack your cells
How do harmful fungi make you ill?
they grow longer and release poisons which attack your cells
Which illnesses do bacteria cause?
Tetanus, boils, tuberculosis, cholera, typhoid, whooping cough, pneumonia, diphtheria, botulism tonsillitis, food poisoning (salmonella), anthrax, scarlet fever, sore throats
which illnesses do fungi cause?
ringworm, athletes foot
what illnesses do viruses cause?
cold, flu, mumps, measles, chickenpox, aids, hepatitis,
what is fungi used for?
- To ferment alcohol
- To make bread
- To make antibiotics
what are viruses used for?
- Genetic engineering
- Some can kill bacteria
What is bacteria used for?
-To make yogurt, cheese, soap powder
what is yeast?
- A microscopic fungi
- Single celled organism
- Reproduce by budding
What is yeast used for?
To make bread, beer and wine
why is yeast useful?
because of the products they produce when they respire anaerobically
what is cytoplasm?
Where most chemical reactions take place
what is the nucleus?
It contains genetic information and controls the activities of the cell
What is the cell membrane?
Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out
what is the mitochondria?
the powerhouse of the cell
What is the cell wall?
It is the structure and support of the cell
