Microbial virulence

Question 1

examples of virulence factors

Answer 1

○ Capsule
○ Biofilms
○ EPS
○ Antimicrobial resistance
○ Motility
○ Adhesins
○ Invasins
○ Toxins, endotoxins and exotoxins

Question 2

host defences

Answer 2

• Intrinsic:
  ○ Non-immune (physical and chemical barriers)
  
  • Innate
    ○ Non-specific
  • Adaptive
    ○ Specific
    ○ Activated antigen presenting cells
    ○ B and T cells
    ○ Complement , cytokines

Question 3

gram positive bacteria vs gram neg

Answer 3

positive = thick peptidoglycan wall
neg =thin peptidoglycan wall

pos = purple stain, neg = pink

Question 4

what is coagulase

Answer 4

virulence factor which converts fibrinogen in plasma into fibrin –> clot form