Microbio Random questions Flashcards
1
Q
Failure of isotype switching with recurrent bacterial sinus and lung infection
A
Selective IgA deficiency
2
Q
Profound deficit of T cells; failure of development of thymus and parathyroids. Catch 22
A
Di George Syndrome
3
Q
Inability to mount IgM response. Mutation in WASP gene. Thrombocytopenia, infections, eczema (tie a WASP)
A
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
4
Q
Autosomal recessive disease. Mutations in DNA repair enzymes. IgA deficiency
A
Ataxia-telangiectasia
5
Q
Lack of NADPH oxidase activity
A
Chronic Granulomatous Diseae
6
Q
Diagnostic test of CGD
A
Nitroblue tetrazolium test
7
Q
Plastic bubble. X-linked defect in IL-2 receptors in T cells
A
Severe combined immunodeficiency
8
Q
AR disease wherein there is failure of phagolysosomal fusion
A
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome
9
Q
Staph aureus immunomodulators specific for white blood cells
A
Panton Valentin Leukocidin
10
Q
Sequestered focus of osteomyelitis arising in the metaphyseal bone
A
Brodie abscess
11
Q
Eponym of Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
A
Ritter Disease
12
Q
Eponym of TEN
A
Lyell Disease
13
Q
Pastia’s lines is found where
A
Scarlet fever
14
Q
Marantic endocarditis
Abdominal surgery
A
Group D streptococcus - E. Faecalis
Streptococcus bovis
15
Q
Satellite phenomenon around S. Aureus colonies
A
Haemophilus influenzae
16
Q
Pontiac Fever
A
Legionella Pneumophilia
17
Q
Metallic green sheen appearance
A
E. Coli
18
Q
Coma shaped, shooting star motility
A
Vibrio cholera
19
Q
Food fingers feces flies
A
Shigella species
20
Q
Most common cause of bacillary dysentery
A
Shigella sonnei or Duval’s bacillus
21
Q
Currant jelly sputum
A
Klebsiella pneumoniae
22
Q
Very low levels of all immunoglobulins; absence of B cells
A
X-linked agammaglobulinemia
Or Bruton’s Disease
23
Q
Unilateral enlargement of the sternoclavicular portion of the clavicle leading to detachment
A
Higoumenakis sign
24
Q
Influenza like symptoms few hours after receiving penicillin due to lysis of treponemes
A
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
25
Snowflake lesion in the chest Xray
Leptospirosis
26
Infectious form of chlamydia trachomatis. Enters via endocytosis
Elementary Body
27
Form of Chlamydia spp that replicates in cell by fission
Reticulate body
28
Round to oval cytoplasmic inclusion bodies near the nuclei of conjuctival epithelial cells in trachoma
Halberstadter - Prowazek inclusions
29
Striking tachypnea, characteristic paroxysmal cough present in neonatal pneumonia from chlamydial infection (atypical pneumonia)
Staccato cough
30
Bird Fancier's Disease
Psittacosis
31
Donovan bodies like safety pins. Beef red ulcer
Donovanosis
32
Unilateral enlargement of the sternoclavicular portion of the clavicle leading to detachment
Higoumenakis sign
33
Influenza like symptoms few hours after receiving penicillin due to lysis of treponemes
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
34
Snowflake lesion in the chest Xray
Leptospirosis
35
Infectious form of chlamydia trachomatis. Enters via endocytosis
Elementary Body
36
Form of Chlamydia spp that replicates in cell by fission
Reticulate body
37
Round to oval cytoplasmic inclusion bodies near the nuclei of conjuctival epithelial cells in trachoma (chlamydia trachomatis)
Halberstadter - Prowazek inclusions
38
Striking tachypnea, characteristic paroxysmal cough present in neonatal pneumonia from chlamydial infection (atypical pneumonia)
Staccato cough
39
Bird Fancier's Disease
Psittacosis
40
Donovan bodies like safety pins. Beef red ulcer
Donovanosis
41
Mites or chiggers
Orentia tsutsugamushi
42
Example of human prion disease
Creutzfeld - Jacob Disease, Kuru, Gerstmann straussler scheinker syndrome
43
Three obligate anaerobes
Actinomyces, bacteroides, clostridium
44
All exotoxins are heat labile except
Staphylococcal enterotoxin
45
All bacteria have cell walls composed of peptidoglycans except
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (sterol)
46
All gram positive bacteria have no endotoxin except
Listeria monocytogenes
47
All bacteria capsules are composed of polysaccharide except
Bacillus anthracis (polypeptide)
48
AR disease, mutation in integrins, delayed separation of umbilical cord of more than 10 days
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency/Lazy leukocyte disease
49
Causes the gold color of staph aureus
Staphyloxanthin
50
Causes epidermal separation in staph aurues
Exfoliatin
51
Superantigen jn staph aureus causing food poisoning
Enterotoxin
52
Superantigen leading to toxic shock syndrome
TSST-1
53
Causes marked necrosis of the skin and hemolysis
Alpha toxin
54
Separation occurs at the dermo-epidermal junction
TEN
55
Two bacteria that are positive PYR test
Group D enterococci
| Streptococcus pyogenes
56
Degrades DNA in exudates or necrotic tissue
DNAse or streptodornase
57
Toxin that produces scarlet fever
Erythrogenic toxin
58
Protease that rapidly destroys tissue causing necrotizing fascitiis
Exotoxin B
59
Sandpaper rash, pastia's lines desquamation, strawberry tongue
Scarlet fever
60
SPECS
Jones criteria
61
St. Vito's dance is also known as
Sydenhams chorea in acute rheumatic fever
62
Congenital absence of spleen seen in post splenectomy patients
Ivermark sydrome
63
Box car shape
| Medusa head morphology
Bacillus anthracis
64
Obtained from reheated rice
Bacillus cereus
65
Tennis like racket appearance
Clostridium tetani
66
Bulging cans, honey and household duat
Clostridium botulinum
67
Lecithinase gas forming, egg yolk
Clostridium perfringens
68
Pseumembranous colitis
Clostridium difficile
69
Chinese characters, curved or comma shaped, black colonies on tellurite
Corynebacterium diphtheria
70
Tumbling motility
Listeria monocytogenes
71
Woolsorter's disease
Bacillus anthracis
72
3 virulence factors of bacillus anthracis
```
Edema factor (EF)
Lethal factor (LF)
Protective antigen (PA)
```
73
2 spectrum of disease caused by bacillus anthracis
Cutaneous anthrax
| Inhalation anthrax
74
Toxin of clostridium tetani
Tetanospasmin
75
Glycine is found where
Renshaw cells
76
Triad of Botulinum
Symmetric descending flaccid paralysis
Absence of fever
Intact sensorium
77
When babies ingest spores found in household dust or honey
Infant Botulism
| Floppy Baby Syndrome
78
Ferments matlose and glucose
Kidney bean shaped
Disease of proximity esp in close quarters
N. Meningitides
79
Ferments glucose only
N. Gonorrhea
80
Late acting complement components (c5-c9) wherein MACs cannot be formed. What organism?
N. Meningitides
81
Severe form of meningococcemia characterized by high fever, shock, widespread purpura and adrenal insufficiency
Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome
82
Neiserria infection characterized by petechial rashes/purpura (purpura fulminans)
Meningococcemia
83
Usual co-infection with N. Meningitides
Chlamydia trachomatis
84
Perihepatitis
| Violin string adhesions
Fitz hugh curtis syndrome
85
Other neiseriacaea that cause subacute bacterial endocarditis
HACEK
86
Coolant, airconditioning
Legionella pneumophilia
87
Gran negative coccobacillary rods that requires factor X (hemin) and V (NAD)
Haemophilus influenza
88
Reason why HiB affects children from 6 months to 1 year exclusively
Decline in maternal IgG and immature system
89
Cherry red Epiglottitis, thumb sign
Haemophilus influenza B
90
Etiology of LTB
Parainfluenza
91
Radiographic sign found in parainfluenza
Steeple sign
92
Toxin in bordetella responsible for damaging ciliated cells causing whooping cough
Tracheal cytotoxin
93
Best time to obtain culture in bordetella pertussis
1-2 weeks during the catarrhal stage
94
This organism inhibits phagolysosome fusion
Legionella pneumophilia
95
Endotoxin is its only sole virulence factor
Legionella pneumophilia
96
Mild flulike disease found in legionella
Pontiac fever
97
Three organisms causing atypical pneumonia
Chlamydia
Mycoplasma
Legionella
98
Three organism causing pulmonary hemorrhage
Woolsorters disease
Congenital syphilis
Weils syndrome
99
Antibiotics that causes pseudomembranous colitis (3)
Clindamycin
2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins
Ampicillin
100
Transplacental transmission of listeria characterized by late miscarriage or birth, complicated by sepsis
Granulomatosis infantiseptica
| Early onset neonatal listeriosis
101
Propels listeria through the membranes of one human cell to another
Actin rockets
102
Toxin in listeria that allows it to escape phagosomes
Listeriolysin
103
Interacts with E-cadherin on the surface of the cells (listeria)
Internalin
104
Unpasteurized milk: 3 organisms
Listeria
Brucella
Campylobacter jejuni
105
Infection of C. difficile can precipitate flare-ups of?
Ulcerative colitis
106
Pseudomembranous pharyngitis?
C. diphtheriae
107
Pseumembranous esophagitis
Candida albicans
108
Chinese character, club or comma shaped
C. diphtheriae
109
Metachromatic granules in corynebacterium diphtheria
Babes ernst granules
| Volitin granules
110
ADP ribosylation
Beta prophage
Elongation factor 2
Metachromatic granules
C. diphtheriae
111
Tumbling motility
Narrow zone of beta hemolysis
Grows in cold temperature
Listeria
112
Toxin in c. perfringens which is a lecithinase that cleaves cell membrane
A toxin
113
Ingestion of cheese, unpasteurized milk products, cabbages and green leafy vegetables
Listeria monocytogenes
114
Pathogenic toxins and substances of e. Coli
Flagellum
Capsule (K)
Endotoxin (O)
Enterotoxins
115
Enterotoxin in e. Coli causing watery diarrhea
HST and HLT
116
Enterotoxin in e. Coli causing bloody diarrhea
Verotoxin (shiga-like toxin)
117
Causes of neonatal meningitis
B group streptococci (agalactiae)
E. Coli
L. Monocytogenes
118
Watery diarrhea of long duration mostly in infants and developing countries (pediatric and poor)
EHEC
119
Non lactose fermenting, produces H2S, with flagella
Salmonella spp
120
Non lactose fermenting, non H2S producing, nonmotile
Shigella spp
121
Typhoid fever is due to what toxin?
Vi capsular antigen
122
Where salmonella hides and becomes dormant
Gallbadder
123
Strain of salmonella that causes septicemia. Common in pts with sickle cell anemia
Salmonella choleraesuis
124
Shiga dysenteriae type 2
Schmitz bacillus
125
Shigella bodyii group C
Newcastle manchester bacillus
126
Species of vibrio in the human colon
V. Cholerae
127
Species of vibrio in saltwater
V. parahemolyticus and vulnificus
128
Pandemics caused by vibrio (species)
Vibrio cholerae 01 biotype El Tor
129
Toxin of vibrio that enhances attachment to the intestinal mucosa
Mucinase
130
Diseases associated with C. jejuni
GBS
| Reiter's syndrome
131
Urease positive. Poorman's disease
H. Pylori
132
Extended spectrum beta lactamases acitivity in drug resistant strains. Urease positive. Currant jelly sputum
Klebsiella pneumoniae
133
Associated with struvite stones and staghorn calculi
Proteus mirabilis
134
Produces pyocyanin (blue green pigment) and a sweet grape like odor
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
135
Toxin in pseudomonas that cause tissue necrosis and inactivates EF-2
Exotoxin A
136
Toxin in pseudomonas that damages cilia and mucosal cells
Pyocyanin
137
Toxin in pseudomonas that causes hemoglobin breakdown
Verdoglobin
138
Green nail syndrome
Skin and soft tissue infection caused by pseudomonas
139
Mild form of typhoid
Shanghai fever
140
Anaerobic bacteria implicated during bowel trauma, perforation or surgery
Bacteroides fragilis
141
Undulating fever, transmitted via contaminated dairy or cows
Brucella abortis
142
Transmitted by rabbits
Francisella tularemia
143
Most virulent bacteria, bipolar rods resembling safety pins. Transmitted via ticks
Yersinia pestis
144
Colonies resembles butterfly with musty odor. Reservoir is cats or dogs
Pasteurella multocida
145
Exported repetitive protein which prevents phagosome lysosomal fusion (M. Tuberculosis)
Sulfatides
146
Most important virulent factor in TB preventing leukocyte migration
Cord factor
| Trehalose dimycolate
147
Toxin in M. tuberculosis that elicits dekayed hypersensitivity
Tuberculin surface proteins
148
Subpleural granuloma in primary complex
Ghon's focus
149
Ghon's focus plus associated lymph node
Ghon's complex
150
Usually found in apices in reactivated tubeculosis
Simon's focus
151
Causes pulmonary disease in immunocompromised hosts (CD4
Mycobacterium avium intracellurare complex
152
(+) lepromin test
Tuberculoid leprosy
153
PE findings shows hard nontender swelling with sinus tract draining sulfur granules. Associated with local trauma like broken jaw or dental extraction. Bacteria?
Actinomyces israelli
154
Aerobic gram + rode with aerial hyphae manifests as mycetomas and lung and brain abscess (orange colonies)
Nocardia asteroides
155
Smallest free living organism. Only bacteria with cholesterol in cell membrane
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
156
Toll like receptor 2 protein responsible for attachment, inhibition of ciliary motion and necrosis (mycoplasma pneumoniae)
P1 adhesin
157
Walking pneumonia
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
158
Primary syphilis
Chancre
159
Caused chancroid
H. Ducreyi
160
Secondary syphilis
Condyloma lata
161
Tertiary syphilis
Gummas
Neurosyphilis
Tree bark appearance in histo
162
Tabes dorsalis (pupil)
Argyll robertsons pupil
| Prostitute pupil
163
Characterized by saddle nose, hutchinson teeth and saber shins + pulmonary hemorrhage
Congenital syphilis
164
Hutchinson triad
Hutchinson teeth, deafness, keratitis
165
Largest medically important bacteria
Borrelia burgdorferi
166
Characteristic rash in borrelia
Erythema chronicum marginalis
| Bulls eye rash
167
Relapsing fever because of programmed rearrangement
Borrelia recurrentis
168
Shepherd crook
Leptospira interrogans
169
Gold standard for leptospirosis
Leptospire microscopic agglutination test
170
Snowflake lesion in Xray
Pulmonary involvement in leptospirosis
171
Triad of weil's disease
Jaundice, bleeding, uremia
172
Round to oval cytoplasmic inclusion bodies near the nuclei of conjunctival epithelial cells in trachoma
Halberstadter prowazek inclusion
173
Cat scratch disease
Toxoplamosis
174
Forms morulae in cytoplasm of monocytes
Erhlichia caffensis
175
Clue cells
Bacterial vaginosis
176
Chancroid
Haemophilus ducreyi
177
Major membrane sterol of fungi
Ergosterol
178
Fungi that causes liver cancer due to aflatoxin
Aspergillus flavus
179
Inhalation of the spores of this fungi causes allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
Aspergillus fumigatus
180
Ring worm
Dermatophytosis
181
Tinea mannum
Hands
182
Causes tinea versicolor
Malassezia furfur
183
Spaghetti and meatball appearance
Malasezzia furfur
184
Rose gardener disease, thorn prick
Sporothrix schenckii
| Sporothricosis
185
Dimorphic, very common in filipinos, inhalation of arthrospores
Coccioides immitis
186
Grows in soil contaminated with bird droppings (starling bird) or bat guano. Closely mimics tuberculosis. Budding yeast inside macrophages
Histpolasma capsulatum
187
Dimorphic fungus. Round yeast with broad based bud
Blastomyces dermatitidis
188
Thick yeast with multiple buds in wheel configuration (mariner's wheel). Also known as Lutz splendore de almeida disease
Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis
189
Septate hyphae that form V shaped branches in acute angles
Aspergillus fumigatus
190
Fungus ball
Aspergilloma
191
Non septate hyphae with walls and branches at right angles
Rhizopus oryzae and Mucor spp.
