Microbiology

Question 1

Antibiotic of choice for Ex of COPD

Answer 1

Amoxicillin/ tetracycline or clarithromycin

Question 2

Antibiotic of choice for CAP

Answer 2

Amoxicillin
Doxy or clarithromycin if pen allergic, add flucloxacillin if suspected staphylococci

Question 3

Antibiotic of choice for pneumonia caused by atypical pathogens

Answer 3

Clarithromycin

Question 4

Antibiotic of choice for HAP

Answer 4

Within 5 days of admission - Co-amoxiclav or cefuroxime
> 5 days adter admission - Tazocin/ broad spectrum cephalosporin or a quinolone

Question 5

Antibiotic of choice for Lower UTI

Answer 5

Trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin, alternatively amoxicillin or cephalosporin

Question 6

Antibiotic of choice for acute pyelonephritis

Answer 6

Broad spectrum cephalosporin or quinolone

Question 7

Antibiotic of choice for Acute prostatitis

Answer 7

Quinolone or trimethoprim

Question 8

Antibiotic of choice for impetigo

Answer 8

topical hydrogen peroxide, if widespread flucloxacillin or erythromycin orally

Question 9

Antibiotic of choice for cellulitis

Answer 9

Flucloxacillin (Clarithromycin, erythromycin or doxycycline if pen allergic)

Question 10

Antibiotic of choice for Cellulitis near the eyes or nose

Answer 10

Co-amox (clarithromycin + metronidazole if pen allergic)

Question 11

Antibiotic of choice for Erysipelas

Answer 11

Flucloxacillin (Clarithromycin, erythromycin or doxycycline if pen allergic)

Question 12

Antibiotic of choice for animal or human bite

Answer 12

Co amox ( Doxy + metronidazole if pen allergic)

Question 13

Antibiotic of choice for Mastitis during breast feeding

Answer 13

flucloxacillin

Question 14

Antibiotic of choice for Throat infections

Answer 14

Pen V (erythromycin if pen allergic)

Question 15

Antibiotic of choice for sinusitis

Answer 15

Pen V

Question 16

Antibiotic of choice for Otitis Media

Answer 16

Amoxicillin

Question 17

Antimicrobial of choice for otitis externa

Answer 17

mild - moderate: ombined topical antibiotic and corticosteroid
Severe - flucloxacillin (erythromycin if pen allergic)

Question 18

Antibiotic of choice for dental abscess

Answer 18

Amoxicillin

Question 19

Antibiotic of choice for acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG)

Answer 19

Metronidazole

Question 20

Antibiotic of choice for Gonorrhoea

Answer 20

IM Ceftriaxone

Question 21

Antibiotic of choice for Chlamydia

Answer 21

Doxycycline or azithromycin

Question 22

Antibiotic of choice for PID

Answer 22

Oral ofloxacin + oral metronidazole or
IM ceftriaxone + oral doxy + oral metronidazole

Question 23

Antibiotic of choice for Syphilis

Answer 23

IM benzylpenicillin or doxycycline or erythromycin (14 days)

Question 24

Antibiotic of choice for Bacterial Vaginosis

Answer 24

oral or topical metronidazole or topical clindamycin

Question 25

Antibiotic of choice for C. difficile

Answer 25

first episode - oral vancomycin subsequent episodes - oral fidaxomicin

Question 26

Antibiotic of choice for Campylobacter enteritis

Answer 26

Clarithromycin

Question 27

Antibiotic of choice for Salmonella (non-typhoid)

Answer 27

Ciprofloxacin

Question 28

Antibiotic of choice for Shigellosis

Answer 28

Ciprofloxacin

Question 29

Antibiotic of choice for UTI in pregnancy

Answer 29

first line nitrofurantoin (avoid near term) second line - amoxicillin or cefalexin Avoid trimethoprim, especially first trimester

Question 30

Features of Giardiasis

Answer 30

Asymptomatic non-bloody diarrhoea/steatorrhoea bloating, abdominal pain lethargy flatulance weight loss malabsorption longer lengths of illness than other causes of traveller's diarrhoea

Question 31

Risk factors for giardiasis

Answer 31

foreign travel swimming/drinking water from rivers or lakes MSM

Question 32

Investigations for giardiasis

Answer 32

stool microscopy - 65% sensitivity stool antigen detection assay

Question 33

Treatment for giardiasis

Answer 33

Metronidazole

Question 34

Treatment for threadworms

Answer 34

One off Mebendazole for the whole household. + hygiene advice.

Question 35

How do Quinolones work? 3 examples

Answer 35

directly bactericidal antibiotics ciprofloxacin, olfloxacin, levofloxacin

Question 36

How do Cephalosporins work? 3 examples important consideration

Answer 36

Beta-lactam - inhibit cell wall synthesis ceftriaxone, cefalexin, cefotaxim 10% penicillin allergy cross sensitivity