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Surgical Tech/ Study For Exam > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

(95 cards)

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1
Q

English surgeon who established 1st principles of aseptic technique is:

A

Lister

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2
Q

Passage of fluid through a cell membrane

A

Osmosis

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3
Q

Oxygen-dependent bacteria are said to be:

A

Aerobic

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4
Q

The destruction of bacteria by white cells during the inflammatory process is called

A

Phagocytosis

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5
Q

Bacteriostatic means:

A

Inhibit growth of microorganism

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6
Q

Staphylococcus aureus would most likely be transmitted by:

A

Nose & mouth

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7
Q

Microbial death occurs when an organism is:

A

No longer capable of reproduction

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8
Q

What immune protection is available to the fetus?

A

Natural passive

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9
Q

The clinical syndrome characterized by microbial invasion of the bloodstream is:

A

Septicemia

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10
Q

The body’s 1st line of defense against the invasion of pathogens is:

A

Skin & mucous membrane linings

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11
Q

Rod-like shaped bacteria are identified microscopically as:

A

Bacilli

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12
Q

Herpes simplex is commonly called:

A

Cold sore

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13
Q

All of the following descriptors refer to the inflammatory process:

A

Heat
Pain
Edema

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14
Q

Clostridium tetani causes:

A

Lockjaw

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15
Q

A laboratory procedure useful in classifying bacteria using a staining procedure is:

A

Gram stain

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16
Q

A fulminating infection arising from necrotic tissue & spreading rapidly is:

A

Gas gangrene

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17
Q

A severe allergic reaction possibly resulting in death is called:

A

Anaphylactic shock

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18
Q

What organism is responsible for a boil?

A

S. aureus

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19
Q

The organism most frequently found in burns is:

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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20
Q

Which type of wound would favor the development of a gas gangrene?

A

Ischemic & Necrotic

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21
Q

Gas gangrene is caused by:

A

C. perfringens

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22
Q

The bacteria that are highly resistant to sterilization & disinfection are:

A

Spores

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23
Q

The bacteria found in the intestinal tract are:

A

E. Coli

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24
Q

The space caused by separation of wound edges is called:

A

Dead space

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25
Which body fluid is least likely to transmit HIV?
Saliva
26
Which bacteria are the common cause for postoperative wound infections?
S. aureus
27
Hospital-acquired infections are known as:
Nosocomial
28
Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a strain of S. aureus that is resistant to most antibiotics. What is the only drug of choice to treat MRSA at this time?
Vancomycin
29
E. Coli is part of the normal flora of the ______ of humans.
Intestinal tract
30
The type of immunity that is acquired by a vaccination is:
Artificial Active Acquired Immunity
31
What gram stain turns red at the end of the staining procedure?
Gram negative
32
What living cells are more complex, have nuclei, & include Protozoa, fungi, & green, red, & brown algae?
Eukaryotic
33
Universal precautions is a previously used term. The term used now is:
Standard precautions
34
Asepsis means:
Absence of microbes
35
Microbes that reside on the skin & are easily removed:
Transient
36
All factors increase the surgical patient’s risk for infection:
Location of surgery Health of patient Length of procedure
37
What is responsible for bacterial motility?
Flagella
38
Rickettsiae are transmitted by:
arthropod bites
39
When there is a relationship between 2 organisms that occupy the same space but 1 organism benefits & the other does not but is unharmed, it is termed:
Commensalism
40
The basic structural & functional living unit of the body is known as:
Cell
41
The biological indicator for ETO is:
Bacillus subtilis & Bacillus atrophhaeus
42
Inflammation in which gland may be used to diagnose the disease mumps?
Parotid
43
What is the term for the division of a reproductive cell into 2 cells w/ chromosome cells?
Mitosis
44
An inanimate object that contains microorganisms is termed:
Fomite
45
Which of the following caused the disease mad cow?
Prion
46
When there is a continued presence of an infection, it is termed:
Chronic
47
The definition of a pandemic is:
Disease that has spread throughout the world
48
Low level disinfectants kill most microbes, but do not destroy:
Spores
49
Which organism is a normal resident flora of the intestinal tract?
Escherichia coli (E. coli)
50
Which laboratory test determines bacterial identification?
Gram stain
51
Which microbes live without oxygen?
Anaerobes
52
Which organelle is responsible for the production of energy?
Mitochondria
53
Which organism causes gangrene?
Clostridium perfeingens
54
Which bacteria could be found in a penetrating wound caused by a rusty nail?
Clostridium tetani
55
What is the term for thread-like appendages that provide bacteria w/motion?
Flagella
56
The most reliable method for determining the efficiency of moist heat sterilizers is the controlled use of biological indicators containing the organism:
Bacillus stearothermophilus
57
The pathogen that most often causes postoperative surgical site infections is:
Staphylococcus aureus
58
Pain, heat, redness & swelling indicate which of the following conditions?
Inflammation
59
Testosterone is secreted by:
Leydig cells
60
Which of the following microorganisms is used within the biological indicator for ethylene oxide sterilization?
Bacillus atrophaeus
61
Spores are a:
Form assumed by bacilli
62
Most abundant ion in the body:
Calcium
63
Confining & containing instruments w/bioburden prevents which of the following?
Cross-contamination
64
Substance that inhibits the growth & reproduction of microbes on living tissue is:
Antiseptic
65
The most abundant extracellular ion necessary for the transmission of impulses is:
Sodium
66
Which heat-resistant, spore forming Bacillus does the steam sterilization biological indicator contain?
G. stearothermophilus
67
What is the term for the division of a reproductive cell into two cells w/chromosome cells?
Meiosis
68
Isopropyl alcohol is a bactericidal, which means it:
Kills bacteria
69
What term describes an individual who harbors a pathogen but displays no signs or symptoms of?
Carrier
70
Ethylene oxide sterilization destroys microbes by the process of:
Alkylation
71
What is the smallest microorganism that requires a host cell for replication?
Virus
72
What does the term symbiosis mean?
Relationship between unlike species of organisms
73
Microorganisms are MOST likely to be associated with wound infections?
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, & Clostridium perfringens
74
Liquid agents used to reduce microorganisms on the patient’s skin are:
Antiseptics
75
An inanimate object upon which pathogens may be conveyed is referred to as a:
Fomite
76
Diatrizoate megulmine (Hypaque or Renografin) or lothalamute meglumine (Conray) are examples of:
Contrast media
77
Which of the following is an action of antimicrobials?
Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis
78
Which of the following describes spherically shaped bacteria?
Cocci
79
E. coli is normally present inside which anatomical structures?
Colon
80
Tetanus & botulism are caused by organisms of the genus:
Clostridium
81
Following administration, most drugs are converted to less active or inactive substance called:
Metabolites
82
A relationship between two kinds of organisms that live together for mutual benefit:
Mutualism
83
In which of the following does destruction of spores occur?
Sterilization
84
Process by which leukocytes engulf and destroy bacteria is called:
Phagocytosis
85
A thick walled, highly resistant body formed within a bacterial cell is:
Spore
86
A microscopic blood exam that estimates the percentages of each type of white cell within a sample is called:
Differential blood count
87
Finger-like projections on the end of the fallopian tubes are:
Fimbriae
88
Agar is:
Agent used to solidify growth media in the microbiology laboratory
89
Gram stain differentiates between:
Bacteria
90
The presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the blood or tissue is called:
Sepsis
91
Microorganisms that grow best with a low level of oxygen supply are:
Microaerophiles
92
Staphylococcus is the arrangement of:
Cocci in cluster
93
Staphylococcus is the arrangement of:
Cocci in cluster
94
Viruses reproduce by:
Host cell metabolism
95
Microorganisms that have the ability to adapt to an aerobic or anaerobic environment are:
Facultative

Surgical Tech/ Study For Exam (6 decks)

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