Microbiology Flashcards
PowerPoint Questions (23 cards)
The cell walls of fungi are unique due to them containing what?
chitin
This group of fungi form mushrooms?
basidiomycota
Which group of protists use pseudopods for motility?
ameba
Which group of organisms is surrounded by 2 silica shells called frustules?
diatoms
African sleeping sickness is caused by what group of organism?
trypanosomes
How does a virus obtain its envelope?
it is derived from the eukaryotic cell membrane, typically through budding
Define tropism.
range of tissues or cells a virus can infect in a given host
What is the difference between chronic and latent infection?
chronic infections have continuous symptoms and pathogen replication while latent infections are characterized by periods where there are no symptoms, and the pathogen is not actively replicating
Is a prion a living organism?
no, a prion is a mutated, misfolded protein
What is a bacteriophage?
a virus that infects bacterial cells
Which of the following best describes the lac operon repressor protein when glucose is present, and lactose is absent?
the repressor is active and bound to the operator region
True or False. DNA polymerase III binds to promoter regions and transcribes RNA using DNA as a template.
false
The process of __________ is where an organism takes in naked DNA from the environment.
transformation
A __________ mutation will result in the change of the original amino acid to a new, different amino acid.
missense mutation
Why is DNA polymerase from a thermophilic bacteria needed for PCR?
the heat would inactivate or destroy DNA polymerase from other organisms
What are restriction enzymes?
enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences generating blunt or sticky ends
What is the role of guide RNA in CRISPR/Cas systems?
binds to specific target DNA sequence prior to cutting by Cas proteins
If you accidentally flipped the current running through a gel during electrophoresis, what would happen to your DNA?
the DNA would run up (and out) of the gel instead of down the length of the gel
Which region of a freshwater lake would have the highest abundance of obligate anaerobes and methanogens?
benthic zone
What is the technical name for the organic material found in topsoil?
humus
How did the “dead” zone in the Gulf of Mexico form?
industrial and agricultural waste caused increase in microbial populations, eventually leading to depletion of oxygen creating an environment that could not support many types of aquatic life
True or False. Eutrophs are organisms that can survive on relatively low nutrient abundance.
false
What is the RNA World hypothesis?
The idea that early life used RNA as both genetic material and enzymes without the need for DNA or extensive protein involvement.
