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Musc/Rhuem/Derm Module > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Gonococcal Arthritis symptoms

A

TRIAD: dermatitis, tenosynovitis, polyarthralgia/arthritis

Lesions on skin- macules, papules

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2
Q

Viral Arthritis species

A

Rubella, Parvo B19, HCV, HBV

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3
Q

Vertebral Osteomyelitis Spp.

A

S. Aureus, MTB, Brucellosis

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4
Q

Osteomyelitis in someone who stepped on a nail

A

P. Aeruginosa

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5
Q

Osteomyelitis in Neonates

A

GBS, E. Coli

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6
Q

Osteomyelitis in Sickle Cell - Sp. and Pathogenesis

A

Salmonella - sickling may infarct the gut and allow salmonella invasion, then reduced clearance due to spleen issues

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7
Q

Osteomyelitis in IVDU Spp

A

S. Aureus, P. Aeruginosa, Candida

Eikenella corrodens - (“needle licker osteomyelitis”)

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8
Q

Osteomyelitis in IVDU clinical manifestation

A

Unusual sites of infection are common: sternoclavicular, sternochondral joint, pubic symphysis

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9
Q

Myositis Pathogenesis

A

Clostridium Perfringens
Alpha toxin: damages cell membrane including erythrocytes, causing hemolysis and creiptus

Gram + Rods

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10
Q

Staph Areus Microbiology

A

Catalase +
Coagulase +
B-Hemloytic
+ Mannitol Fermentation

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11
Q

Staph Aureus Pathogenesis

A

“Produce B-Lactamse
MRSA: mec-A genes encode altered PBPs on cassettes cause
VRSA: D-lactate for D-ala
D Test: evaluates for inducible Clindamycin resistance
VISA: Thickened cell wall”

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12
Q

Staphyloxanthin (Carotenoid)

A

enhances pathogenecity by inactivating microbicidal effect of superoxides from neutrophils

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13
Q

Protein A

A

protein in cell wall that prevents complement activation, no C3b produced so phagocytosis is greatly reduced

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14
Q

Alpha Toxin/Hemolysin

A

hemolytic toxin that causes necrosis of skin and hemolysis

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15
Q

Scalded Skin Syndrome Toxin

A

Exfloiative toxins A and B, act as proteases to cleave desmosomes

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16
Q

Staph Aureus Food Poisoning

A

Enterotoxin A causes vomiting and watery, non-bloody diarrhea
Stimulates IL-1 and IL-2

17
Q

Bullous Impetigo

A

Exfoliative toxin
Forms bullae with clear/ yellow fluid
Ruptured Bullae leave thin brown crust
Trunk more frequently affected

18
Q

Toxic Shock Syndrome STAPH

A

Tampons, nasal packing, post-op, septic joints
Stimulates IL-1, IL-2, and TNF
Blood cultures are commonly negative and isolation of bacteria is not required for diagnosis

Clindamycin suppresses protein synthesis so is used in treatment to stop toxin production

DIC is a complication

19
Q

Staph. Epidermidis Microbiology

A 
"Catalase +
Coagulase -
Non-Hemolytic
Urease +
- Mannitol Fermentation
Novobiocin sensitive"
20
Q

Staph. Epidermidis Pathogenesis

A 
"Biofilms:
Most infections occur in foregin devices
Surface adhesins interact with host proteins
Produces polysaccharide matrix
MRSE"
21
Q

Staph. Saprophyticus Microbiology

A 
"Catalase +
Coagulase -
Non-Hemolytic
- Mannitol Fermentation
Novobiocin resistant"
22
Q

Hyaluronidase

A

degrades hyaluronic acid, known as spreading factor, facilitates cellulitis and other skin infections

23
Q

Streptolysin O

A

enhanced virulence, oxygen labile, antigenic, casues hemolysis

24
Q

GAS Necrotizing Fasciitis

A

Progressive destruction of fascia and underlying fat due to poor blood supply
Pain out of proportion to exam
M Proteins
Lack of neutrophils at infection due to destruction of IL-8
Can become septic, Surgical Emergency

25
Q

Streptococcal TSS

A

Does not require Nec Fas. But it occurs in 75% of cases
Septic symptoms
DIC, AKI, ARDS
Isolation of GAS from a normally sterile site is required for diagnosis (different from STAPH)

26
Q

Scarlet Fever

A

Effects children ages 3-15
Erythrogenic toxin-mediated
Sore throat with development of edema and rash (pharyngitis)
Rash feels sand-papery and desquamates after several days
Strawberry tongue

27
Q

Post-Strep Glomerulonephritis

A

Antigen-Antibody complexes on the glomerular basement mebrane
HTN, edema, dark urine
Unclear if early treatment can prevent PSGN (unlike Rheumatic Fever)

28
Q

Acute Rheumatic Fever

A

2 weeks after untreated GAS pharyngitis
JONES citeria for diagnosis
ASO titers aid in diagnosis

29
Q

Strep Agalactiae Microbiology

A

(- )Hydrolysis of bile esculin agar
(+) Hydrolysis of hippurite
Bacitracin Resistant
CAMP Test

30
Q

“PROM in women
Causes neonatal sepsis, meningitis, PNA
“

A

Strep Agalactiae

31
Q

Enterococcus Faecalis Microbiology

A

(+) Hydrolysis of esculin agar with presence of bile

Grows in hypertonic saline

32
Q

Streptococcus Bovis Microbiology

A

Hydrolysis of esculin agar with presence of bile

Does not grow in hypertonic saline

33
Q

Endocarditis in patient with Colon Cancer

A

Streptococcus Bovis

34
Q

Strep Viridans Microbiology and disease

A

“Alpha-Hemolytic
Resistant to lysis by bile
Optochin Resistant

Most common cause of subacute endocarditis

Musc/Rhuem/Derm Module (2 decks)

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