Microbiology Flashcards

Question

IgE

Answer 1

Parasitic and allergic infections | Seen in Hodgkin's (Reed-Sternberg Cells)

Answer 2

First to increase at second exposure Most numerous Crosses placenta (Gee ma, thanks!) Anamnestic response (Never forgets)

Answer 3

10 binding sites Largest and heaviest First to increase at first exposure Non-specific

Answer 4

Made by macrophages

Answer 5

Made by CD4 (t-helper) cells

Answer 6

Made by big bone marrow

Answer 7

Self vs. non-self Tissue graft rejection and organ rejection T-cells --> MHC I B-cells --> MHC I and II

Answer 8

STOIC Scaled Skin Syndrome Toxic Shock Osteomyelitis (M/C/C staph aureus --> hospital staff) Impetigo (honey crusted lesions) Carbuncles (many furuncles --> a carload of furuncles)

Answer 9

``` SERGIS Strep throat Erysipelas --> St. Anthony's fire Rheumatic Fever --> Group A beta hemolytic strep Glomerulonephritis Impetigo Scarlet Fever (Strawberry tongue) ```

Answer 10

Enhances phagocytosis or cell lysis Classic and alternate pathways meet at C3B C5B-C9 --> membrane attack complex C9 is the end of the system

Answer 11

Rheumatic fever (McCallums Patch)

Answer 12

Metachromatic granules seen in Diphtheria

Answer 13

Mononucleosis | Don't let Mono get you Down

Answer 14

TB, Giant epitheloid cell

Answer 15

TB (inactive phase) | Calcium jail around the mycobacterium

Answer 16

Small Pox (Variola)

Answer 17

Tertiary Syphilis

Answer 18

Measles (Rubeola) | On buccal mucosa, white/bluish spots

Answer 19

Old age pigment | Brown's Atrophy

Answer 20

Parkinson's (AKA. Paralysis Agitans)

Answer 21

Hepatitis (alcoholism)

Answer 22

Rabies (hydrophobia)

Answer 23

Plasma cells | Multiple Myeloma

Answer 24

Exposed to the disease

Answer 25

Injection of weakened or dead virus

Answer 26

Given AB in utero/breastfeeding

Answer 27

Injection of preformed AB

Answer 28

Toxin from lipopolysaccharide layer of cell | Heat Stable

Answer 29

Toxin outside the cell from cell waste products | Heat Labile

Answer 30

inanimate object's as vector

Answer 31

Partial antigen or half antigen | Does not stimulate immune response

Answer 32

Toxin that affects the NS (botulism, tetanus)

Answer 33

Enhance phagocytosis

Answer 34

Acellular protein which denatures other proteins | Cannot be autoclaved

Answer 35

Anaphylactic Bronchial Asthma (allergy) Bee sting, hay fever IgE, Mast cell, Histamine, basophils

Answer 36

``` Cytotoxic Goodpasteur's (lung and kidney) Erythroblastosis fetalis (Coombs Anemia) Blood transfusion Myasthenia Gravis IgG 2 things --> Antigen and AB ```

Answer 37

``` Immune-complex mediated Lupus, RA Arthus reaction --> local necrosis Serum sickness --> systemic IgG and Complement 3 things --> Antigen, AB and Complement ```

Answer 38

``` Delayed (Cell-mediated) TB Transplant rejeciton Contact dermatitis T-cells, lymphocytes NOT AB MEDIATED ```

Answer 39

Inorganic material

Answer 40

Organic material

Answer 41

Dead/decaying animal

Answer 42

Living organisms

Answer 43

Presence OR absence of O2

Answer 44

Must have O2 or Must not have O2

Answer 45

``` Reduced O2 (high altitude) Candle jar culture ```

Answer 46

one or both benefit

Answer 47

Both benefit

Answer 48

Both benefit and cannot survive without the other

Answer 49

One benefits, other is unaffected

Answer 50

Transfer of disease from animal to human

Answer 51

Carcinogenicity | Uses Salmonella typhimurium

Answer 52

Antistreptolysin O titre | Tests Strep Pyogenes

Answer 53

Biological Oxygen Demand | Best test for water pollution

Answer 54

Staph (+) vs. Strep (-)

Answer 55

Virus culture | Cannot grow in agar

Answer 56

AKA. Thayer Martin Agar or Heated Blood Agar | Gonorrhea

Answer 57

``` Staph Aureus (+) vs. other Staph (-) Pathogenic vs. non-pathogenic ```

Answer 58

Tests RBC antigens Type II Hypersensitivity Hemolytic anemia, Erythroblastosis fetalis, Rh factor

Answer 59

AIDS (ELISA test checks DNA, Western Blot checks proteins) If 2 ELSIA are + --> western blot If western blot + --> AIDS

Answer 60

Heterophile agglutination test for Mono

Answer 61

Quellung = Swelling | Swelling of capsule of Strep Pneumoniae

Answer 62

Test for Fungi

Answer 63

Virus Culture | Cannot grow in agar

Answer 64

Serology test Positive for all Rickettsia (EXCEPT Coxiella burnetii --> Q fever) Antigen for test --> Proteus vulgaris

Answer 65

Typhoid fever test

Answer 66

Look for altered epithelioid cells Herpes Zoster and simplex Also Varicella

Answer 67

Wasserman VDRL Darkfield

Answer 68

``` Mantous Test --> PPD Tine Test --> skin prick Ziehl Nielson Staining Acid Fast --> My ass is fast Chest x-ray --> Gohn Complex BCG --> mycobacterium bovis Best test --> Sputum culture ```

Answer 69

Heterophile antibody Heterophile agglutination --> Paul Bunnel Downey Cell --> don't let mono get you down Monospot

Answer 70

Salk --> Polio | Rabies

Answer 71

Tetnus | Botulism

Answer 72

MMR | Sabin --> oral

Answer 73

Guillian Barre (AKA. Post-infectious polyradiculopathy)

Answer 74

Identifies risk factor

Answer 75

Eliminate placebo effect

Answer 76

Look back, go back in time

Answer 77

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Un-sanitized hot tub Fluoresces blue under UV light from Pyocyanin and fluorescein pigments

Answer 78

Serratia marcenscens

Answer 79

Staph Aureus

Answer 80

Pre-op disinfectant

Answer 81

Methycilline Resistant Staph Aureus | Hospitals use Vancomycin

Answer 82

Competes with PABA --> Para-amino Benzoic Acid

Answer 83

Inhibits protein synthesis | Turns teeth yellow/brown or gray

Answer 84

First treatment for syphilis

Answer 85

Discovered Penicillin --> 1928

Answer 86

Discovered the virus

Answer 87

Developed Smallpox (Variola) vaccine

Answer 88

Anthrax vaccine. | 4 postulates

Answer 89

Antisepsis

Answer 90

Father of Pathology/Germ Theory | Rabies Vaccine

Answer 91

Discovered Prions --> Mad Cow

Answer 92

Yellow Fever

Answer 93

Live polio vaccine, oral

Answer 94

Dead polio vaccine, injection

Answer 95

Wash hands before delivering baby --> reduced puerperal fever (AKA. Childbed Fever)

Answer 96

plasmid DNA transfer via sex pilus (bacteria)

Answer 97

Bacteriophage transfers genetic material between bacteria

Answer 98

Direct uptake of free DNA

Answer 99

Stats, not research | Atlanta, GA

Answer 100

Monitors soil, air and water quality | Can't do anything

Answer 101

Regulates health products released to public

Answer 102

Research, not stats | Bethesda, MD

Answer 103

Makes rules concerning occupational toxicity levels of hazardous materials

Answer 104

Responsible for milk and milk production

Answer 105

New disease or rapid increase of a disease in incidence of in a geographic range

Answer 106

Small number of cases in specific location

Answer 107

Number of NEW cases in a given TIME PERIOD

Answer 108

TOTAL number of cases at a particular POINT IN TIME

Answer 109

Filters big stuff (uses screens) | Primary

Answer 110

Aluminum tricholride --> causes clumping to occur | Primary

Answer 111

Precipitate falls | Primary

Answer 112

Add anaerobic bacteria | Primary

Answer 113

Removes Anaerobic bacteria Trickling filter Secondary

Answer 114

Adds oxygen to water to improve color and taste Kills remaining anaerobic bacteria Decreases BOD Secondary

Answer 115

Kills remaining bacteria | Secondary

Answer 116

Dwarf tapeworm

Answer 117

Beef tapeworm

Answer 118

Pork tapeworm | Cysticercosis

Answer 119

May cause B12 deficiency | Freshwater salmon

Answer 120

Dog tapeworm Also found in wolves Hydatid cyst in live and lung

Answer 121

Blood fluke Swimmer's itch M/C/C of death by a helminth worldwide

Answer 122

Pulmonary (lung) fluke | Crayfish, mouth

Answer 123

Ass is round --> Roundworm M/C roundworm M/C Helminth infection worldwide

Answer 124

Filiariasus Mosquito Elephantitis --> lymphatic blockage

Answer 125

Hookworm Fecal contaminated soil Wear shoes to prevent this M/C Hookworm in US

Answer 126

``` Pinworm (Threadworm) Anus-finger-mouth Scotch tape test Nocturnal M/C Helminth in US ```

Answer 127

River blindness | Africa

Answer 128

River eye worm | African eye worm

Answer 129

Trichinosis Raw pork Lives in striated muscles DX on x-ray --> gastrocnemius

Answer 130

subunit of the protein coat "capsid" of a virus particle

Answer 131

Tobacco Mosaic Virus

Answer 132

Single Stranded RNA

Answer 133

DNA or RNA | Contains one or the other, NOT both

Answer 134

Oral/Fecal

Answer 135

``` A = Oral/Fecal B = Sexual transmission C = Transfusions, tattooing, possibly sexual ```

Answer 136

``` Fever blisters (Cold sores) Can be in genome of Trigeminal ```

Answer 137

Genital herpes

Answer 138

Shingles in adults Does not cross midline Follows dermatome

Answer 139

Pink cauliflower lesion on female genitalia

Answer 140

Warts | Casual Contact

Answer 141

``` German Measles (3-day measles) Most susceptible in 1st trimester ```

Answer 142

Red Measles Koplik Spots on buccal mucosa --> white/blusish spots 3 C's = cough, coryza (runny nose), conjunctivitis

Answer 143

Chicken Pox | Maculopapularvesicular rash

Answer 144

Small pox Guarneri bodies 1977 = eradicated

Answer 145

B = childhood dysentery | Hand, foot, and mouth disease

Answer 146

spread by rodents, including chipmunks and pairiedogs

Answer 147

Affects anterior horn (alpha motor) | Bulbar type produces respiratory paralysis

Answer 148

Causes conjunctivitis, pharyngitis

Answer 149

Antigenic shift and/or drift

Answer 150

Sidomegalic paramyxoid virus parotiditis, leads to LMN disease of CN 7 (Bells Palsy) Sterility from Oophoritis or orchitis

Answer 151

Respiratory Syncytial virus | Croup and Bronchiolitis

Answer 152

Bullet shaped under electron microscope RNA, rhabdo virus Negri bodies in brain Hydrophobia

Answer 153

Negative reaction to aspirin taken for a viral infection (M/C flu) Fatty liver and encephalopathy Can be fatal

Answer 154

Reverse transcriptase. RNA --> DNA CD4 cells = T-helper cells Latent persistant infection, allows opportunistic infections

Answer 155

``` #1 fungal infection in AIDS #1 cause of death in AIDS (from pneumonia) ```

Answer 156

``` #1 parasitic infection in AIDS Spread by cat feces ```

Answer 157

#1 death by cancer in AIDS

Answer 158

Fecal/Oral Not a carrier for life RNA Get it and get over it

Answer 159

Sexual, IV drug abuse Carrier for life Liver cancer (M/C/C) DNA

Answer 160

Tattoos, blood transfusion Carrier for life RNA Screen blood

Answer 161

Co-infeciton with Hep B Dane particle Only replicates in presence of Hep B

Answer 162

``` Athropod Borne Yersinia Pestis (Pasteurella pestis) Rat flea Bubos = neck and axillary lymph node enlargement Death by asphyxiation ```

Answer 163

Rabbit Fever Frabcusella tularensis Rabbits, squirrels Hunters at risk

Microbiology Flashcards

(196 cards)