Microbiology Chapter 4

Question 0

Prokarypte or eularyote?
Paured chromosome in membrane
Histones
Organelles
Polysaccharide cell walks
Mitotic spindle

Answer 0

Eularyote

Question 1

Prokaryote or eukaryote?
One circular chromosome not in membrane
No histones
No organelles
Binary fission

Answer 1

Prokaryote

Question 2

Prokaryote shapes sunce modt are monomorphic(one form)?

Answer 2

Bacillus rod
Coccis sphere
Spiral :sprilium, vibrio and spirochete

Question 3

Prefixes?

Answer 3

Diplo : two
Strep: line
Staph: stacked

Question 4

Peptidoglycan crll wall finction and structure?

Answer 4

Prevents osmostic lysis
Alternating dissacharide nag and nam
Tetrapeptide side chain(up)
Peptide cross bridge (middle)

Question 5

Gram positive or negative? Thick peptidohlycan and techoic acid

Answer 5

Positive cell wall
LipoTechoic acids libks plasma membrane
Wall t acid links peptidoglycan
Regulates cation movement
Polysaccjaride privide antigenes variation

Question 6

Gram positive pr negative? Thin peptidoglycan, outer membrane and periplasmic space

Answer 6

Negative cell wall
Protection from phagocytes, conplement and antibiotics
O polysaccharide endotoxin
Porins for. Channels membranes
And lipid a endotoxin

Question 7

Gram stain mechanics in positive & negative grams

Answer 7

Cv fotms in cell
+=alcohol dehydrates crystals not leave
-=alcohol dissolves out membranesand cv washes out due to holes

Question 8

Atypical cell walls? Effects on acid fast, mycoplasmas and archea

Answer 8

Acid fast like hram positive non acid fast like gram negative

Mycoplasmas no cell ealls sterols in plasma membrane

Atchea no walls or pseduemutei. Walls lack nam and amino acid

Question 9

Glycoalyx in exterior cell wall

Answer 9

Stocky, neat organize, sline, polysaccharide attacj, prevent dehydration and phago cytosis

Question 10

Flagelka function

Answer 10

Motility
Flagellin protein
Protein hooked and anchored to membrane

Question 11

Petri, moni, lopho amd amphi

Answer 11

Coveted, one, many polar and both ends

Question 12

Flagella motility pattern?

Answer 12

One direction rotation = run

Reversal it tumbles to turn

Question 13

Axial filaments motility in exterior

Answer 13

Endoflahella
Spirochetes
Anchored at one cell end

Question 14

Fimbriae purpose in exterior

Answer 14

Allow attachment

Question 15

Pillus function? Exterrior

Answer 15

Conjugation dna transfer and movement pillus gor gliding or twitchibg

Question 16

Inside membrane structure? Plasma membrane

Answer 16

Structrure : phospho lipid layer

Movement viscousity move laterally

Question 17

Plasma membrane function?

Answer 17

Selective permeability
Atp production enYmes
Photosynthetic pigments

Question 18

Movement across membranes? Simple diffusion

Answer 18

Movement of solute from ab area of high to low concentratio

Question 19

Movement of material facilitated diffusion

Answer 19

Solute combinrs with transporter protein in the membrane

Question 20

Movement of water across membranes: osmosis and osmotic pressure

Answer 20

Osmosis hogh to low

Osmostic pressure pressurw needed to stop movement of water across membrane

Question 21

Movement of materials across membranes? Active and group transport

Answer 21

Active : transport proteinan atp

Group ; requires transport protein and pep

Question 22

Inside plasma membrane:cytoplasm

Answer 22

Substance inside plasma membrane

Question 23

Inside plasma membrane nucleoid

Answer 23

Bacteri chromosome haploid no histone close circulat

Question 24

Prokaryotic robosome

Answer 24

Proteinsynthesis structure 70 subunits

Question 25

Endospores? Sporulation = formation and germination back to vegetative state

Answer 25

Rasting cells , reaisyant to desiscation heat and chemicals last ditch effort for survival

Question 26

Rndospore inside and outside?

Answer 26

Core, cortex , spore coat and exosporiun

Question 27

Organelles and function?

Nucleus,er, golgi complex,lysosome, vacuole, mitochondrion, chloroplast, perpxisome and centrosome

Answer 27

Nucleus: contains cheomosome
Er: trnasport network
Golgi:membrane formation and sectetion
Lysosome:digestive enzymes
Vauole : support and food storage
Mitochondrion; cell respiration
Chloroplast:photosyntheis
Peroxisome: oxidation of fatty acids destroy hydrogen peroxide
Centrosome:consists of protein fibers and centrioles

Question 28

Ribosomes needed for protein syh thesis

Answer 28

80s membrane bound to er but free in cytoplasm

70s in chloroplast and mitochondria

Question 29

Cytoskeleton compositin?

Answer 29

Microfilaments and intermediate fillamenys and microtobules

Question 30

Endosymbiotic theory?

Answer 30

Prganelles originatec as symbioed between sperate single celled organisms