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Dental Nurse Exam > Microbiology&Decontamination > Flashcards

Microbiology&Decontamination Flashcards

(83 cards)

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1
Q

List 3 types of micro-organisms:

A

Bacteria
Fungi
Virus
***Bacterial spores

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2
Q

Cross infection

A

Transfer of micro- organisms from one person to another e.g patient to patient

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3
Q

Disinfection

A

Chemical killing of bacteria and fungi but not all viruses or spores

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4
Q

Sterilisation

A

Killing of all micro- organisms: bacteria, viruses, fungi and spores

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5
Q

Decontamination

A

Range of process: cleaning, disinfection, and/or sterilisation which render instruments & equipment safe for reuse

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6
Q

Zoning

A

Having separate clean and dirty zones to reduce the risk of cross infection

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7
Q

Pathogenic

A

Micro-organisms able to cause disease

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8
Q

Give 2 examples of diseases caused by pathogens

A

Hep B

TB/ Hep C/ common cold/ Flu

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9
Q

A micro- organism capable of causing disease is described as

A

Pathogenic

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10
Q

A micro organism which can cause disease is said to be

A

Pathogenic

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11
Q

Standart precautions

A

Treat all patients as infectious

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12
Q

What do you understand by the abbreviation SICPs

A

Standart Infections Control Precautions

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13
Q

Give an example of how you apply SICPs

A

Treat all patiamts as infectious

Follow practice cross infection policy

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14
Q

Prion

A

Abnormal protein unable to be destroyed by autoclaving

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15
Q

A person who has no symptoms of a disease but may pass it on to another person is called a

A

Carrier

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16
Q

What is teh term used for a documented quality assurance procedure applied to each stage of the decontamination process to ensure the procedure is consistently carried out to a required standart

A

Validation

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17
Q

Why is it important to keep records in relation to cross infection

A

For validation (proof)

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18
Q

Bacteria

A

Streptococcus mutants - dental caries

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19
Q

Fungi

A

Candida albicans - oral trush, denture stomatitis, angular cheilitis

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20
Q

Virus

A

Herpex simplex - herpes labialis ( cold sore)

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21
Q

Complete the following table giving an example of each type of micro-organism

A

Bacteria - streptococcus mutans

Fungi - candida albicans

Virus - Herpex simplex

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22
Q

Name the disease caused by the following micro- organisms

A

Streptococcus mutans - dental caries

Candida albicans - oral trush, denture stomatitis, angular cheilitis

Herpes simplex - herpes labialis ( cold sore)

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23
Q

Name the disease caused by the following micro- organisms

A

Lactobacillus - Dental caries

Borellia Vincentii - ANUG

Legionella - Legionnaries Disease

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24
Q

Name the micro - organism that cause denture stomatitis

A

Candida albicans

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25
Name the micro- organism mainly responsible for Angular cheilitis
Candida albicans
26
Name the micro organism that causes a cold sore
Herpes simplex
27
Name a micro organism mainly involved in dental caries
Streptococcus mutans
28
Which one of the following micro- organisms is rod shaped
Bacilli
29
Which bacteria is round in shape
Cocci
30
What shape are cocci bacteria
Round
31
Which one of the following is a bacterium
Lactobacillus
32
What does the abbreviation SDCEP stand for
Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme
33
Detail the correct time, temperature and pressure for an autoclave
3 minutes, 134C, 2.2 bar
34
A mannual test of an autoclave should be carried out and recorded, how often
Once per day
35
State the 3 values you should record during a manual test of an autoclave
Time temperature pressure
36
List the 3 values that should be recorded during a manual test of a steriliser
Time - 3 minutes Temperature - 134 Pressure - 2.2 bar
37
List 3 items which are sterilised by gamma- irradiation
Scalpel Sutures Local anaesthetic/ needles/ disposable syringes/ cannula/ surgical gowns
38
Indicate with a tick which 4 of the following are nirmally sterilised by gamma - irradiation
Cannula Suture packs Surgical gauze Local anaesthetic needles
39
Properties of the various types of autoclaves
N Type- non- vacuum- no bagging- 21 days B Type- vacuum- bagging- 60days
40
Hiw long can instruments be stored if sterilised in a “N Type”autoclave
21days
41
How long can instruments be stored if sterlised in a “B type” autoclave
60 days
42
Instruments aterilised in a “non-vacuum” autoclave can be pre- wrapped
False
43
Can instruments be wrapped prior to sterilisation in a “B Type” autoclave
True
44
Instruments sterilised in a vacuum autoclave can be pre-wrapped
True
45
List the correct sequence for the washer disinfector cycle
Flush,Wash, Risne, Thermal Disinfection, Dry
46
Accordnig to SDCEP guidelines, what temperature and time does the washer disinfector need to reach at the ‘thermal disinfection’ stage
80C for 10 minutes or 90C for 1 minute
47
According to SDCEP guidelines, what is the maximum temperature reached by the washer disinfector need to reach during the flush stage
Less than 45 C
48
Why is imporatnt it does „not exceed” this temperature at this stage
To prevent protein coagulation
49
Name the micro-organism commonly found in dental unit water lines
Legionella
50
For how long between patients should dental unit waterlines be flushed
Run water lines for 20-30 second
51
For how long at the beginning of a session should dental unit waterlines be flushed
Run water lines for 2-3 minutes
52
Why should dental unit water lines be flushed at the beginning of the session and between patients
Minimise the risk of legionella lying in the water lines
53
List 2 diseases that dental nurses should be vaccinated against
Heb B | TB
54
Following the third inoculation for Hep B, a blood sample is taken to check what
Titre levels
55
Immunisation initiate the body to produce
Anti-bodies
56
Name 2 types of immunity
Natural/artifical | Active/Passive
57
Natural acquired active immunity
The person’s own cells produce antibodies in response to infection
58
Artificially acquired active immunity
The oerson’s own cells produce antibodies in response to immunisation
59
Naturally acquired passive immunity
In this immunity certian antibodies are passed from one to another e.g. In the bloodstream from the mother to baby
60
What to the letters PPE stand for
P - Personal P - Protective E - Equipment
61
List 4 types of PPE and the function of each
Gloves - protect hands from blood and saliva Goggles/visor - protect eyes from blood and splatter/debris Mask - Protect nose and mouth from blood and splatter Uniform - Protect body from blood and splatter
62
What is the recommended time for completion of the following types of hand hygiene
Clinical: 40-60 secs Surgical scrub: 3-4 mins
63
Name 2 procedures that involve surgical hand hygiene
Implant Surgical extraction Apicectomy Oral surgery
64
State the 3 actions a dental nurse should take in the event of suffering a sharps injury
Squeeze area to encourage bleeding Wash under running water Cover with waterproof dressing
65
What do you understand by the term inoculation injury
Needlestick injury
66
List 4 ways a dental nurse can reduce the risk of cross infection
Handwashing between patients Zoning Single use items Autoclaving all reusable instruments
67
What do you understand by the following terms relating to cross infection
Direct contact - passed from the infected person to the healthy person via direct physical contact with blood or body fluids Indirect contact - no direct human contakt/ surface to person
68
What type of disinfectand should the dental nurse use to deal with a spillage of blood
Sodium Hypochlorite
69
Name 2 solutions which may be used to decontaminate the surgery surfaces
Sodium hypochlorite Isopropyl alcohol Detergent
70
Give an example of use for the following disinfectants
Alcohol wipe - disinfected hard surfaces Sodium hypochlorite - cleaning a blood spillage
71
Indicate how the following surgery areas should be cleaned
Work surfaces- alcohol/disinfectant/detergent wipe ( between every patient and before start and after finish of each clinical session)
72
Give an example of 2 standart infection control procedures that should be covered during staff induction
Hand washing policy Disposal od waste policy Cross infection policy
73
Give an example of 2 records that should be kept by the surgery in relation to cross infection
Waste consignment notes | Autoclave cycles/ washer - disinfector cycle validation
74
State 3 items that must be disposed of in a sharps box (yellow stream)
Needles Endo files Matrix bands
75
State 2 actions which a dental nurse should take to prevent a sharps injury in the surgery
Safe handling and disposal of sharps in sharps box (close 2/3 full) Wear thick rubber gloves/ use needle guards/ avoid lifting a large number of dirty instruments at the one time
76
List 3 ways pathogen can enter the body
Inhalation Ingestion Injury
77
Jow os hepatitos B mainly transmitted
Blood
78
How is MRSS infection nirmally spread
Skin to skin contact (hands)
79
Identyfy the following symbols and give an example of where ypu would find them in the surgery
Single use only (przekreslona 2 ) - in surgery box of gloves Bio hazard - in surger clinical waste bag
80
How often a patient’s medical history should be checked
Every visit
81
What decontamination processes can be used in a dental surgery to ensure a contaminated item is safe for re-use
Sterilisation and disinfection
82
How should you decontaminate an alginate impression
Rinse under tap to remove blood and saliva Immerse in disinfectant solution (follow manufacturer’s instructions) Remove, rinse and wet gauze Label lab sheet as disinfected
83
What is an ultrasonic bath used for
Debris removal

Dental Nurse Exam (2 decks)

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