Microbiology of periodontal disease 1 Flashcards
Whats a pathogen
A microbe capable of causing host damage or disease
Whats an opportunistic pathogen
An organism that is a member of the resident microbiota or normally inhabits the external environment that causes infection under certain circumstances
Whats dysbiosis
A loss of the normal balance between the host and resident microbiota
What is a symbiont
A member of the resident microbiota that confers benefit to the host
What is a pathobiont
A member of the resident microbiota that causes disease when dysbiosis occurs
What is pathogenicity
The capacity of a microbe to cause damage in a host
What is virulence
Relative capacity of an organism to cause damage in a host (degree of pathogenicity)
What is a virulence determinant
A component of pathogen that damages the host or allows the pathogen to cause disease
What is meant of health
- Host microbe homeostasis
- Gram positive facultative anaerobes predominate
What is gingivitis?
What is it caused by?
- Reversible bacterial challenge to the homeostasis
- Increase in obligately anaerobic populations
What is periodontitis?
What is it caused by?
- Irreversible bacterial challenge associated with pathogenic consortia
- Gram negative anaerobes and spirochaetes predominate
What is chronic periodontitis caused by
Diabetes, smoking, and HIV/medication
What’s the ecological plaque hypothesis
Describe a periodontal pathogen
- Present in high numbers in disease compared with periodontally normal sites
- Infected patients demonstrate specific antibodies to putative pathogen
- Organism produces virulence factors in vitro that correlate to clinical pathology
Describe aggressive periodontitis
- Functional abnormalities of neutrophils
- Familial and race predisposition towards West African and Asian communities
