MICROBIOLOGY of URTI (Adala)

Question 1

CMV, EBV, Streptococcus, Corynebacteria

Answer 1

Pharyngitis

Question 2

Paramyxovirus

Answer 2

Parotitis

Question 3

Strep pneumonia, H. influenza, Staph

Answer 3

Otitis, Acute Epiglotitis, Sinusitis

Question 4

Oral Cavity Infection

Answer 4

Candida, Strep mutans

Question 5

Rhinitis

Answer 5

Corona and Rhinoviruses

Question 6

Classic presentation is inflammation of the pharyngeal area or sore throat

Answer 6

Pharyngitis

Question 7

Causative Agents are:
Cytomegalovirus
Epstein Barr Virus
Streptococcus
Corynebacterium

Answer 7

Pharyngitis

Question 8

DNA virus of the β-herpes group

Answer 8

Cytomegalovirus

Question 9

Owl’s eyes

Answer 9

Cytomegalovirus

Question 10

Primary infection the virus remains latent, probably in the?

Answer 10

Bone marrow

Question 11

T/F: CMV is transmitted across the placenta, within the birth canal, and quite commonly in breast milk

Answer 11

T

Question 12

Saliva, semen, cervical secretions, blood transfusions and organ transplants are also modes of transmission for CMV

Answer 12

T

Question 13

Treatment for CMV

Answer 13

Ganciclovir, Foscarnet

Question 14

Causes Infectious Mononucleosis, associated with Burkitt’s lymphoma, other B-cell lymphomas, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Hairy Leukoplakia

Answer 14

EBV

Question 15

EBV infects what type of cells?

Answer 15

B cells

Question 16

Heterophil antibodies

Answer 16

EBV

Question 17

fever, sore throat, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, anorexia, lethargy, irregular “hairy” surface on the lateral side of the tongue

Answer 17

EBV

Question 18

Capnophilic growth

Answer 18

Streptococcus; Grow in an atmosphere enhanced with carbon dioxide

Question 19

Contains M proteins which inhibits phagocytosis and C carbohydrate

Answer 19

Streptococcus

Question 20

Hemolysis of Streptococcus is due to the production of enzymes

Answer 20

Hemolysins called streptolysin O and streptolysin S

Question 21

Streptococci form a green zone around their colonies as a result of incomplete lysis of red blood cells in the agar

Answer 21

Alpha hemolytic

Question 22

Streptococci form a clear zone around their colonies because complete lysis of the red cells occurs

Answer 22

Beta hemolytic

Question 23

Is the leading bacterial cause of pharyngitis and cellulitis, impetigo, necrotizing fasciitis, and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis

Answer 23

Str. pyogenes (group A streptococcus)

Question 24

Is the leading cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis

Answer 24

Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus)

Question 25

Is an important cause of hospital-acquired urinary tract infections and endocarditis

Answer 25

Enterococcus faecalis

Question 26

Causes pharyngitis and skin infections Inhibited by Bacitracin

Answer 26

Group A streptococcus (Str.Pyogenes)

Question 27

Colonize the genital tract of some women and can cause neonatal meningitis and sepsis Bacitracin-resistant, Hydrolyze hippurate

Answer 27

Group B streptococci (Str. agalactiae)

Question 28

Include enterococci (e.g., Ent. faecalis and Enterococcus faecium) and nonenterococci (Str. bovis)

Answer 28

Group D streptococci

Question 29

Members of the normal flora of the colon and are noted for their ability to cause urinary, biliary, and cardiovascular infections Grow in hypertonic (6.5%) saline or in bile and are not killed by penicillin G

Answer 29

Group D streptococci

Question 30

Such as Str. bovis, can cause similar infections but are inhibited by 6.5% NaCl and killed by penicillin G

Answer 30

Nonenterococcal group D streptococci

Question 31

Combination of penicillin and an aminoglycoside (such as gentamicin) is required to kill enterococci

Answer 31

Oh yeah!

Question 32

Str. pneumoniae and the Viridans group of streptococci (e.g., Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguis, and Streptococcus mutans)

Answer 32

Alpha-hemolytic Streptococci

Question 33

Str. pneumoniae, which is bile-soluble and inhibited by

Answer 33

Optochin

Question 34

Are part of the normal flora of the human pharynx and intermittently reach the bloodstream to cause infective endocarditis

Answer 34

Viridans streptococci

Question 35

Synthesizes polysaccharides (dextrans) that are found in dental plaque and lead to dental caries (Alpha-hemolytic streptococci)

Answer 35

Streptococcus mutans

Question 36

Also known as the Str. anginosus-milleri group are found primarily in the mouth and colon

Answer 36

Streptococcus intermedius and Streptococcus anginosus

Question 37

Grow under anaerobic or microaerophilic conditions and produce variable hemolysis Members of the normal flora of the gut, mouth, and the female genital tract

Answer 37

Peptostreptococcus E.g. Peptostreptococcus magnus and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius

Question 38

Produce three important inflammation-related enzymes: Hyalurodinase, streptokinase, DNAse

Answer 38

Group A streptococci

Question 39

Group A streptococci produce five important toxins and hemolysins:

Answer 39

Erythrogenic toxin, Streptolysin O and S, Pyogenic exotoxin A and B

Question 40

Known as spreading factor because it facilitates the rapid spread of Str. pyogenes in skin infections (cellulitis)

Answer 40

Hyaluronidase