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BDS 3 IHD-P1 Microbiology > Microbiology organisms > Flashcards

Microbiology organisms Flashcards

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1
Q

classification of neisseria meningitis

A

gram -
aerobic
has serogroups
diplococci

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2
Q

virulence factors of neisseria menigitus

A

Iga protease - cleaves IgA ab
Pili - attachment
endotoxin
PSS capsule - inhibits phagocytes

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3
Q

spread and treatment of n meningitis

A

droplet spread
colonies nasopharynx

tx
penicillin
Cefotaxime
prophylaxis, vaccine A C Y W135, rifapicin

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4
Q

conditions associated with N meningitis

A

crosses BBB
enters CSF causing inflammation
- headache, fever

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5
Q

growth of n. menigitis

A

maltose and glucose +
oxidase +
chocolate agar (heated blood agar)

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6
Q

N gonorrhoea type

A

gram -

diplococci

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7
Q

growth N gonorrhoea

A

oxidase +
chocolate agar
glucose +

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8
Q

virulence of N gonorrhoea

A 
Iga protease
Pili
Opa proteins - bind to immune cell R and prevent immune responce
lipo polysaccharides - host mimicry 
por proteins - aid cell invasion
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9
Q

spread of N gonorrhoea

A

sexual intercourse

males

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10
Q

tx for N gonorrhoea

A

Ceftriaxone
azithromycin
no vaccine (variation in pili)

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11
Q

assoications of n gonorrhoea

A

urethritis
neonatal conjunvitivus
female sterility
infant blindness

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12
Q

haemophilus influenza

A

gram - cocco bacillus

facultative anaerobe

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13
Q

growth of H influenza

A

chocolate agar
needs factor 5 and 10
calatase +
oxidase +

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14
Q

virulence of H influenze

A

6 ps capsule types
more invasive
IgA protease

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15
Q

tx of h influenzae

A

cefotaxmine
amoxicillin

prophaylaxi
vaccine - Hib
rifampicin

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16
Q

associations of H influenza

A 
meningitis
septic arthritis
pneumonia
epiglottis
ear infections
chronic bronchitis
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17
Q

staph aureus classification and characterisits

A 
gram + cocci
B haemolytic
Catalase + 
coagulate enzyme
DNAase enzyme
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18
Q

grwoth of staph aureus

A

CLED - pale yellow
Mannitol salt agar - yellow due to lactose fermentation
coagulase +
gold round colonies on blood agar

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19
Q

virulence factors of staph aureus

A

protein A - binds Ig wrong orientation
TSS antigen - high affinity to MHC II, over activation T cells and cytokine rleease
enterotoxins heat stable

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20
Q

spread of staph aureus

A

IV drug
aerosol
human touch
contamination of food products

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21
Q

S epidermis

A

gram + cocci

catalase +

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22
Q

growth of staphylococcus epidermis

A

mannitol salt - turns pink
coagulate -ve
white colonies on blood agar

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23
Q

virulence of staphylococcus epidermis

A

forms persistent biofilms

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24
Q

pathogenesis of staph epidermis

A

colonies prosthetic joints and catheters

normally present on skin

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25
staphylococcus saprophtticus
``` gram + cocci coagulate - ve catalase + novobicin resistant F anaerobic ```
26
growth of staphylococcus saphrititus
CLED | pale yellow
27
virulence of staphylococcus saphriticus
haemagluttinin | for attachment to cells
28
pathogenetis/ what does staphylococcus saphritcus cause
sexually acutive females - UTI
29
tx for staph aureus
self limiting gentamicin vancomycin penicillin if resistant to MRSA
30
streptococcus pyogenes
``` gram + cocci B haemolytin Group A facultatively anaerobic small cononies ```
31
virulence of strep pyogenes
C carbohydrate allows lancefield M protein - complement binding inhibited streptomycin O - ASP titre A against strep O erythrogenic toxin
32
associated conditions of staph aureus
``` septic arthritis osteomyelitis MRSA pneumonia food poisoning ```
33
tx for strep pyogens
penicllin
34
associated conditions of strep pyogens
``` rheumatic fever endocarditis/pericarditis scarlet fever pharyngitus cellulitis glomerulonephritis ```
35
strep penumoniae
``` gram + diplococci lance shaped facultative anerobe non motile calalase - oxidase - ```
36
growth of strep pneuominiae
a haemlysis | optochin sensitive
37
virulence of strep pneumoniae
encapsulated IgA protease penumolysin - activtes host complement system
38
pathogenesis of strep penumoniae
normal commensal affects immunocompromised Encapsulated • IgA protease • Pneumolysin- activates host’s complement system resulting in inflammation
39
tx of strep pneumomnia
vaccines for high risk | B lactan Ab eg penicillin
40
conditions associated with strep pneumonia
pneumonia rhinosunisitis meningitis otitis media
41
strep viridans and what is it associated with
gram + facultatively anaerobic alpha haemolysis optochin resistant dental abscesses infective endocarditis
42
corneybacterium diptheria
gram + bacilli | non motile pleomorphic
43
growth of corneybacterium diptheria
toxin recognition on Elek plate growth in potassium telurite airborne droplet spread
44
virulence and tx of croenybacteirum diptheria
``` diptheria toxin tx - antitoxin penicillin DPT vaccine ```
45
what are ALL the clostridium species
gram + bacilli | anaerobes
46
clostridium perfringens
catalase - non motile B haemolysis nagler reaction toxin detecteion
47
virulence of Cl perfringens
CPE toxin proteases hyluronidase enterotoxin
48
what does cl perfringens cause and tx
food poisoning gas gangreen hydration in food hyperbaric o2
49
cl botulism
botulinum toxin tx - antitioxin botulism - food poisoning leads to flaccid paralysis and death
50
cl tetanus
gram+ bacilli motile anaerobe tetanus toxin enters wounds via cuts prevention - vaccine metronidazole penicillin
51
clostridium difficile
gram + bacilli anaerobe enxotoxinx A and B causes diarrhoea pseudomembranous colitis prevention - cleaning etc, vancomycin and metronidazole
52
bacteriosides
gram - bacillus anaerobe virulence- LPP capsulate causes - peritonitis, diarrhoea, bacterial vaginosis
53
preveotella
gram - bacullus non motile anaerobe virulence - bind to other bacteria
54
fusobacterium
gram - bacillus spindle shaped anaerobe biofilm formation tx lindamycin chloramphenicol causes PDD , ANUG
55
actinomyces
gram + filaments microaerophilic facultative anerobe grow in mouth virulence - slow growth, walls off defences tx surgical drainage , amoxicillin penicliin tetracycline
56
candida
dimorphic fungus (blastospores, psudohyphe, hyphae) grow in mouth gut, Sabourauds dextrose medium - creamy colonies ``` virulence - ALS Hwp1 candidalysin spore forming toxin SAP - proteases to allow for hyphae penetration ```
57
boreal burgdoferi
gram - spiral anaerobic fastidious slow growth bulls eye rash boreal recurrentitis - virulence is antigenic variation, can infect liver/spleen
58
virulence of B burgdoferi
``` motile major sheath proteins host mimicry manganese instead of iron used outer membrane lipoptoeisn ```
59
BB treatment and associated conditions
vaccine doxycycline conditions - lymes meningitis encephalitis
60
leptospira interrogens
gram - spiral anaerobic fastidious slow growth
61
virulence of leptospirosis interrogans tx and what it causes
motility major sheath proteins modulate repsonce tx doxycycline dont swim in rivers causes - leptospirosis weils disease kidney and liver failure
62
treponema viencetii what it causes and tx
gram - spirochate anaerobic fastidious slow growth causes ANUG tx metronidazole h peroxide mouth wash
63
trep denticola
gram - spirochaete anerobic fastidious slow growth
64
virulence of trep denticola
``` adhere to basement membrnae proteases sialidases motility coadherance with other bacteria ```
65
treponema palidium and tx and associated conditions
``` gram - spirochete fastidious slow growth tx - penicillin AC - STI, sphylis ```
66
virulence of trep palladium
initial incubation- 2-10 weeks • primary chancre lesion- painless ulcer 3-6 weeks • secondary- bacterial spread- 6-8 weeks. flu-like illness • latent syphilis- immune privileged parts , 3-30 years • tertiary- neurological, CV, skin and bone deformity
67
mycobacterium tuberculosis and virulence
``` bacillus red gram ZN stain romaine auramine stain floresence LS medium 4-6 wk culture obligate aerobe ``` virulence - cytokines
68
tx for mycobacterium tubercluosis
``` RIPE Rifapicin Isonizad Pyrazinamide Ethambutol 2months RI 4 months ```
69
influenza virus and growth
ssRNA virus nasopharyngeal aspiration then direct immunoflurecnce
70
virulence of influenza virus
HA and NA glycoprotiens | adhesions that attach to host cell and antigenic drug and shift in NA/HA
71
mycoplasma pneumonia and what it causes
bacterium gram - serology PCR difficult to culture atypical pneumonia develops after 2-4 wks
72
virulence of mycoplasma penumonia
cytoadherance organelle gliding motility h202 cell disruption
73
chlamydophilia pneumonia and what it cases
``` gram - obligate penicillin resistant no culture Elisa or microimmunoflurrence causes - atypical pneumonia rhinitis sinusitis ```
74
helicobacter pylori
produces urease PPI - reduce acid levels- metronidazole anaerobes, amoxicillin and clarithromycin causes ulcers and cancer
75
e coli
gram - bacilluis | motile
76
agar e coli
CLED - yellow with halos Macconky - pink PCR urinary dipsipt
77
virulence of E coli
``` different strains - if u know most go back and look at type of pili EPEC - pili, secretion needle ETEC - pili, heat stable enterotoxins EHEC - pedestals, shigella like toxins UPEC - pili, P fimbriae ```
78
shigella on agar
non lactose fermenters - macconkey agar stays yelloe hekton green - no H2s
79
samonella growth on agar
non-lactose fermenters- MacConkey agar stays yellow | Hektoen- green with black centres, H2S deposits
80
campylobacter
gram - spiral rod shaped microaerophile causes - ulceration of jejunum diarrhoea
81
choler
gram - bacillus motile disrupts balance of salts and water in intestine
82
winter vomiting virus is A
noravirus
83
proteus mirabillis , agar and virulence
``` gram - bacillus CLED - translucent blue colonies virulence -swarming motility urease IgA protease pili adhesions ``` causes UTI
84
chalmydia trachomatis
obligate intracellular parasite gram - growth with ELISA PCR or direct immunofluence
85
chlamydia trachomatis causes and tx
``` STI fertility problems conjunctivitis blindnes males ``` tx azithromycin doxyclicine

BDS 3 IHD-P1 Microbiology (9 decks)

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