Microbiology Unit 1 Flashcards
(40 cards)
Which of the following is a useful benefit of microorganisms?
a. Crop destruction
b. Disease
c. Contaminated water
d. Breaking down dead or decaying organic material
Breaking down dead or decaying organic material
Viruses and prions are similar in that they…
a. Are eukaryotic
b. Are not considered living
c. Cannot infect humans
d. Are prokaryotic
Are not considered living
Protozoans (Protists) are…
a. Single-celled
b. Multi-celled
c. Eukaryotic
d. Prokaryotic
e. A and C
f. B and D
A and C (singled-celled and eukaryotic)
Whose postulate showed that specific diseases where caused by specific microorganisms?
a. Pasteur’s
b. Lister’s
c. Hooke’s
d. Koch’s
Koch’s
S. aureus is a single-celled microorganism that doesn’t have a nucleus and has peptidoglycan in its cell wall. It is probably a…
a. Algae
b. Prokaryote
c. Protozoan
d. Fungi
Prokaryote
Who was responsible for developing the first real compound microscope and identifying “animalcules”?
a. Pasteur
b. Lister
c. Hooke
d. Leeuwenhoek
Leeuwenhoek
Pasteurization is…
a. Speeding up chemical reactions by using cell-produced proteins
b. The use of heat to kill pathogens
c. The sum of all chemical reactions in an organism
d. The idea that living organisms can arise from nonliving matter
The use of heat to kill pathogens
Bacteria are much ___________ than plant or animal cells.
Smaller
Who recognized the importance of sanitation in hospitals and established the first schools of nursing?
a. Nightingale
b. Linnaeus
c. Koch
d. Spallanzani
Nightingale
Which of the following is/are food product(s) from microorganisms?
a. beer/wine
b. sourdough bread
c. cheese
d. all of the above
All of the above (food)
Eukaryotic cells have a ____ size ribosome, while prokaryotic cells have a ___ size ribosome
80S, 70S
The “grape-lie” cluster arrangement of bacteria is known as
Staphlyo-
Which of the following is found in a Gram negative cell but not a Gram positive cell?
a. A cell membrane
b. A nucleus
c. Peptidoglycan
d. An outer membrane
An outer membrane
Bacteria keep their DNA in an area called…
The nucleoid region/area
Which of the following is found inside a eukaryotic cell but is absent in a prokaryotic cell?
a. DNA
b. Enzymes
c. Mitochondria
d. Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Which of the following structures is used for conjugation (reproduction)?
a.Fimbria
b. Cilia
c. Pili
d. Flagella
Pili
The idea that billions of years ago, prokaryotic cells engulfed other prokaryotic cells giving rise to current day eukaryotic cells is known as…
the endosymbiotic theory
These structures allow bacteria to have reserve deposits of lipids and gasses
inclusions
Which of the following structures help bacteria escape phagocytosis?
a. Glycocalyx
b. Lipopolysaccharide
c. Peptidoglycan
d. Fimbria
Glycocalyx
What do mitochondria and chloroplasts have in common with bacteria? (3 things)
Similar in size, have plasmids, and have 70S ribosomes (all of the above)
T/F Scientists can use biochemical tests, such as fermentation tubes, to identify bacteria
true
When looking through a microscope, _______ refers to the increase in size of an object, and ________ is the ability to distinguish between two objects (how “clear” the object appears).
Magnification; resolution
What microscope have only one lens
Simple microscopes
Which objective is also known as the oil immersion objective
100x
