Microbiology & Vitals Flashcards
(22 cards)
chain of infection
the transition of a pathogen depends on connecting the links in the chain of infection:
infectious agent
reservoir host
portal of exit
mode of transmission
portal of entry
susceptible host
conditions for bacterial growth
moisture
warmth
oxygen
food
time
acronym: WOMFT
average heart rate by age:
newborn
birth to 1 month
120-160 /min
average heart rate by age:
infant
1 to 12 months
80-140 /min
average heart rate by age:
toddler
1 to 3 years
80-130 /min
average heart rate by age:
preschool
3 to 5 years
80-120 /min
average heart rate by age:
school-age
6-15 years
70-100 /min
average heart rate by age:
adult
15+ years
60-100 /min
pulse oximeter information
oxygen saturation
95% is normal
IR light is used to obtain a reading
systolic pressure indicates…
a surge of blood into the artery once the pressure cuff is released
phases I to V of the Korotkoff sounds
I - systolic pressure
II - blood gushes through
III - sharp taps
IV - slows down
V - diastolic pressure
infant/children blood pressure ranges
60/30 to 100/80
hypertension blood pressure
above 140/90
adult blood pressure ranges
100/60 to 140/80
prehypertension blood pressure
top number = between 120-139 OR
bottom number = between 80-89
normal respiratory rate (newborns)
30-50 /min
normal respiratory rate (adults)
12-20 /min
abnormal things when listening for respiratory rate
wheezing, rales, or rhonchi
three pulse sites
radial (adults)
brachial (more common for children’s HR)
carotid (for emergency procedures)
what is heart rate?
the reflection of pulse (best palpated when the artery can be pushed against bone)
conversion of lb to kg
1 kg = 2.2 lb (divide the lb by 2.2 to get kg)
ages for the growth chart’s applicability
up to 3 years old
