Microbiology - Zoonoses Flashcards
(46 cards)
What are zoonoses?
Diseases + infections which are transmitted naturally between vertebrate animals + man
What are some diseases associated with mice?
- Hantan viruses (fleas)
- Lyme borreliosis
- Ehrlichia
- Bartonella
- Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
What are some diseases associated with rats?
- Rabies
- Leptospirosis
- Lassa fever
- Hantan viruses
- Plague
- Pasteruellosis
- Haverhill fever (rat-bite)
What are some diseases associated with cats?
- Bartonellosis (cat scratch)
- Leptospirosis
- Q-fever
- Toxoplasmosis
- Rabies
- Ringworm
- Toxocariasis
What are some diseases associated with small ruminants?
- Anthrax
- Brucellosis
- Q-fever
- Cryptosporidiosis
- Enzootic abortion
- Louping ill
- Orff virus
- Rift valley fever
- Toxoplasmosis
What are some diseases associated with cattle?
- Anthrax
- Leptospirosis
- Brucella
- Bovine TB
- Anaplasmosis
- Toxoplasmosis
- E. coli 0157
- Rift valley fever
- ringworm
What are some diseases associated with swine?
- Brucellosis
- Leptospirosis
- Erysipeloid
- Cysticercosis
- Trichinella
- HEV
- Influenza A
- Streptococcal sepsis
What are some diseases associated with birds?
- Psitticosis
- Influenza
- Cryptococcus
- Influenza A
- Poultry-salmonella
- West-Nile Fever
What are some diseases associated with water-sports?
- Leptospirosis
- HAV
- Giardia
- Toxoplasmosis
- Mycobacterium marinum/ulcerans
- Burkholderia pseudomallei
- E. coli
What are some water-borne diseases?
- Campylobacter
- Salmonella
- VTEC O157
- Cryptosporidium
What are some food-associated diseases?
- Listeria (cow cheese-human)
- Taenia
- Cysticercosis
- Toxoplasmosis
- Trichinellosis
- Yersiniosis
- Giardia
What sign is associated with Bartonellosis (cat scratch) + what is the treatment?
- Regional lymphadenopathy
- Tx: Doxycycline
What organism causes Brucellosis and what are its features?
Gram -ve aerobic bacilli
- Facultative intracellular
What is the transmission of Brucellosis?
- Contaminated food (untreated milk/dairy products)
- Direct animal contact (cows, goat, sheep, pigs)
What is the presentation of Brucellosis?
- Undulant fever (2-wk incubation - peaks in evening)
- Myalgia
- Arthritis
- Spinal tenderness
- Hepatosplenomegaly
- Epididymo-orchitis
How is Brucellosis diagnosed?
- Serology: anti-O-polysaccharide antibody (Dx with cultures)
- WCC normal/neutropenia
What is the treatment for Brucellosis?
- 4-6wks Doxycycline + Streptomycin
What are some complications associated with Brucellosis?
- Endocarditis
- Osteomyelitis
- Meningoencephalitis
What is the causative organism for Rabies and some features associated with it?
- Rhabdovirus (Lyssaviruses)
- Dogs + Bats = most common vectors
- Incubation = 1-3mths
How does Rabies present?
Prodrome:
- Fever
- Headache
- Sore throat
Hyperactive State:
- Encephalitis
Months/years later:
- Migration to CNS (fatal encephalitis, hypersalivation, hydrophrobia)
How is Rabies diagnosed?
- Serology for IgM
- Fluorescent Ab Test: Negri bodies (pathognomonic)
- CSF PCR
How is Rabies treated?
- Rabies IgG post-exposure (pre-Sx - doesn’t work otherwise + will die)
- Full Rabies vaccination course
What is the causative organism of the Plague, its features and transmission?
Yersinia pestis
- Gram -ve lactose fermenter
Transmission:
- Reservoir in rats
- Transmitted by fleas
- Still seen in some American National Parks (e.g. Yosemite)
How does the Plague present?
Bubonic plague:
- Flea bites human
- Swollen LN (bubo = dense, black fluid)
- Dry gangrene
Pneumonic plague:
- Usually seen during epidemics
- Person-person spread
Septicaemic plague
